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From Intel in the United States to South Korea's Samsung, producers are celebrating the beginning of the end of the chip surplus.
美国的英特尔、韩国的三星等生产商正在庆祝芯片过剩局面即将结束。
Still, the expectations for demand from buyers outside the artificial intelligence (AI) industry remain weak.
尽管如此，对人工智能行业以外买家的需求预期仍然疲软。
All the major markets for chips - smartphones, computers and data centers - have decreased this year.
所有主要的芯片市场——智能手机、电脑和数据中心——今年都出现了下滑。
Both companies and people have reduced spending during a weak international economy, high inflation and rising interest rates.
在国际经济疲软、高通胀和利率上升的情况下，公司和个人都减少了支出。
The decreased demand has created a large oversupply of chips.
需求的下降造成了芯片供应严重过剩的局面。
The result: a record combined $12 billion first-half operating loss for the world's two largest memory chipmakers, Samsung and SK Hynix of South Korea.
其结果是：全球最大的两家存储芯片制造商——三星和韩国Hynix海力士——上半年的营业亏损总额达到创纪录的120亿美元。
This time of oversupply, however, has started to ease.
然而，这段时期供过于求的局面已经开始缓解。
Chip companies have cut production.
芯片公司已经削减了产量。
And a decline in personal computer shipments eased to 11 percent in the June quarter compared to a 30 percent decrease in each of the previous two quarters, data from the research company Canalys showed.
研究公司Canalys的数据显示，与前两个季度30%的降幅相比，6月当季个人电脑出货量下滑幅度降至11%。
The smartphone market is also looking better, with cellphone shipments falling 8 percent in the June quarter, versus 14 percent in the first quarter, says research firm Counterpoint.
研究公司Counterpoint表示，智能手机市场也在好转，6月当季手机出货量下降了8%，而第一季度下降了14%。
"Demand is recovering very gradually," Woohyun Kim, chief financial officer at SK Hynix, said on an earnings call last week.
Hynix海力士首席财务官金宇铉上周在财报电话会议上说：“需求正在非常缓慢地复苏。”
Intel chief Pat Gelsinger recently said an oversupply in server central processing units (CPUs) will continue until the second half of the year.
英特尔首席执行官帕特·基尔辛格最近表示，中央处理器的供过于求局面将会持续到今年下半年。
He also said that data center chip sales will decline in the third quarter before recovering in the fourth quarter.
他还表示，数据中心芯片的销量将会在第三季度下降，然后在第四季度回升。
A slow recovery in China, the world's biggest chip buyer, is also lowering market expectations.
全球最大的芯片买家中国经济的缓慢复苏也降低了市场预期。
Both Samsung and SK Hynix said China's reopening failed to live up to expectations that it would bring back the smartphone market.
三星和Hynix海力士都表示，中国的重新开放未能达到人们对它将重振智能手机市场的期望。
The two companies said they were lengthening production cuts of NAND memory chips, widely used in smartphones to store digital data.
两家公司表示，它们将会延长快闪内存芯片的减产时间。快闪内存芯片广泛用于智能手机以存储数字数据。
American chipmaker Texas Instruments, which does a lot of business in China, predicted third-quarter earnings and profit below targets last week.
在中国有大量业务的美国芯片制造商德州仪器上周预测，第三季度的收益和利润低于目标。
"China was roughly half of sales at the end of fiscal 2022, so China has the largest impact on TI's (Texas Instruments) business," said Logan Purk of the investment business Edward Jones.
投资公司Edward Jones公司的洛根·帕克表示：“截至2022财年末，中国约占德州仪器总销售额的一半，因此中国对德州仪器业务的影响最大。”
Demand for chips to support generative artificial intelligence has increased since OpenAI's ChatGPT was launched late last year.
自去年年底OpenAI推出ChatGPT以来，对支持生成式人工智能的芯片的需求有所增加。
Still, AI only accounts for a small amount of overall chip demand.
尽管如此，人工智能只占芯片总需求的一小部分。
Manufacturers of the equipment used to make chips such as KLA Corporation and Lam Research in the U.S. are early winners of the AI boom.
美国的KLA公司和Lam Research等芯片设备制造商是人工智能热潮的早期赢家。
Both companies predicted quarterly earnings above Wall Street estimates last week.
两家公司上周都预测季度收益高于华尔街的预期。
I'm John Russell.
约翰·拉塞尔为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
