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Judges in Britain and Wales have been given permission to use artificial intelligence (AI) tools to help them write legal opinions.
英国和威尔士的法官已获准使用人工智能工具来帮助他们撰写法律意见。
The Courts and Tribunals Judiciary is the organization that oversees court systems and judges in Britain and Wales.
法院和法庭司法机构是监督英国和威尔士法院系统和法官的组织。
It provided new rules on the use of AI last month.
上个月，它针对人工智能的使用制定了新规定。
While approving AI methods to support basic duties, the judiciary warned judges to never use such tools to carry out case research or legal examinations.
在批准法官可以使用人工智能方法支持基本职责的同时，该司法机构警告法官永远不要使用此类工具进行案件研究或法律考试。
The guidance said AI should not be used for those activities because the technology can produce false, misleading or biased information.
该指导意见称，人工智能之所以不能被应用于这些活动，是因为这项技术可能会产生虚假、误导性或有偏见的信息。
Geoffrey Vos is Head of Civil Justice in England and Wales.
杰弗里·沃斯是英格兰和威尔士民事司法部门的负责人。
He told The Associated Press the new rules aim to permit "the careful use of AI" to help judges with parts of their jobs.
他告诉美联社，新规定旨在允许“谨慎使用人工智能”来帮助法官完成部分工作。
Vos added, however, that judges "must ensure that they protect confidence and take full personal responsibility for everything they produce."
然而，沃斯补充说，法官“必须确保它们保护机密，并对它们所生成的一切内容承担全部个人责任。”
Vos told Reuters that judges are already well-equipped to differentiate between real arguments and those prepared by AI when considering evidence.
沃斯告诉路透社，法官在考虑证据时已经有能力区分真正的论点和人工智能准备的论点。
"Judges are trained to decide what is true and what is false and they are going to have to do that in the modern world of AI just as much as they had to do that before," he said.
他说：“接受过训练的法官能判断什么是真，什么是假，在现代人工智能世界里，他们将不得不像以前那样做这件事。”
Vos said he even thinks the technology might be used in the future to help resolve low-level legal disputes.
沃斯说，他甚至认为这项技术未来可能会被用来帮助解决低级别的法律纠纷。
He noted this could one day help reduce the large number of unresolved cases in the justice system.
他指出，这有朝一日可能有助于减少司法系统中大量悬而未决的案件。
"I rule nothing out as to what may be possible."
“我不排除任何事情发生的可能性。”
But Vos said he does not feel that people and businesses currently have the confidence to trust AI to independently resolve legal issues.
但沃斯表示，他认为人们和企业目前没有信心相信人工智能能够独立解决法律问题。
Ryan Abbott is a law professor at Britain's University of Surrey and wrote the book The Reasonable Robot: Artificial Intelligence and the Law.
瑞安·阿博特是英国萨里大学的法学教授，著有《合理的机器人：人工智能与法律》一书。
He told the AP there is currently a lot of debate over how AI should be legally restricted.
他告诉美联社，目前有很多关于人工智能应该如何受到法律限制的争论。
Abbott added that many people in the legal field are concerned about possible misuses of AI by lawyers and judges.
阿博特补充说，许多法律界人士担心律师和法官可能会滥用人工智能。
"So I do think AI may be slower disrupting judicial activity than it is in other areas…" he added.
他补充说：“因此，我的确认为人工智能对司法活动的破坏速度可能比其他领域要慢。”
Court officials in some places issued rules years ago.
一些地方的法院官员几年前就发布了规定。
In 2019, the European Commission body in charge of court systems issued ethical guidelines on the use of AI in courts.
2019年，欧盟委员会负责法院系统的机构发布了关于在法院使用人工智能的道德准则。
While the document is not current with the latest technology, it does offer guidance on accountability and ways to reduce risks linked to AI tools.
虽然该文件不涉及最新技术，但它确实就责任和降低与人工智能工具相关的风险的方法提供了指导。
In the United States, the federal court system has not established any official guidance on the use of AI.
在美国，联邦法院系统尚未就人工智能的使用制定任何官方指导。
But U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts did recently speak about pros and cons of the technology during a report on the high court's activities during 2023.
但美国最高法院首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨最近在一份关于最高法院2023年活动的报告中谈到了这项技术的利弊。
But individual courts and judges at both the federal and local levels have likely been setting their own rules, said Cary Coglianese.
但卡里·科利亚尼斯表示，联邦和地方各级的个别法院和法官可能一直在制定自己的规则。
He is a law professor at the University of Pennsylvania.
他是宾夕法尼亚大学的法学教授。
Coglianese told the AP the rules approved by Britain's judiciary represent "the first, published set of AI-related guidelines in the English language."
科利亚尼斯告诉美联社，英国司法机构批准的规定是“发布的第一套英文版的人工智能相关指南。”
But he said he suspects "many judges" have already warned employees about the dangers of AI producing false information and possibly violating the privacy of individuals.
但他表示，他怀疑“许多法官”已经警告员工注意人工智能生成虚假信息以及可能侵犯个人隐私的危险。
The new British guidance states that judges and court workers who have heavy job loads and write long decisions can effectively use AI as a valuable tool.
英国新的指南规定，工作量大、需要撰写长篇判决书的法官和法院工作人员可以有效地将人工智能作为一种有价值的工具。
This is especially true for judges and workers required to write background material or create briefs of existing information.
对于需要撰写背景材料或为现有信息创建摘要的法官和工作人员来说尤其如此。
In addition to using the technology for emails or presentations, judges were told they could also use it to quickly find material they already know well.
法官们被告知，除了使用这项技术处理电子邮件或演示文稿外，他们还可以使用该技术来快速找到他们已经很熟悉的材料。
But the guidelines warn that AI tools should not be used to find new information that cannot be independently confirmed.
但该指导方针警告称，不应使用人工智能工具来寻找无法独立证实的新信息。
The judiciary's guidance also said the technology should not be used to provide detailed analysis or reasoning.
该司法机构的指导意见还指出，不应使用该技术来进行详细的分析或推理。
I'm Bryan Lynn.
布莱恩·林恩为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
