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2013年12月英语四级作文必备知识训练(6)

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  少用关系代词
  学会运用关系代词是你学习英文过程中的一个重要的阶段。学会少用它们则表明你取得了更大的进步。在校对你的作品时,仔细检查一下所有的which’s, who’s that’s和whom’s是否必要。删除不必要的关系代词会使你的文章更精彩。
  Example:
  Unnecessary: It is a truth that is universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
  (用两个 that’s,读起来很别扭)
  Better: It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
  -- Jane Austin
  注:被动语态修饰的名词通常不须用关系代词。
  Unnecessary: In 1970 India dedicated a nuclear power plant near Bombay, which was built with American assistance.
  Improved: In 1970 India dedicated a nuclear power plant near Bombay, built with American assistance.
  Unnecessary: During this period, Churchill spoke for a nation which was undivided and curiously happy, as it has never been in my lifetime, before or since.
  Improved: During this period, Churchill spoke for a nation undivided and curiously happy, as it has never been in my lifetime, before or since.
  Unnecessary: Justice theories have a long tradition, which goes back to Plato and Aristotle in the 5th century B.C.
  Improved: Justice theories have a long tradition, going back to Plato and Aristotle in the 5th century B.C.
  Unnecessary: Shirley Temple’s father blew nearly the entire $3 million that she made by tap dancing which made her famous in the movies.
  Improved: Shirley Temple’s father blew nearly the entire $3 million she made tap dancing her way to fame in the movies.
  Unnecessary: We told them they were the victims who deserved sympathy the most.
  Improved: We told them they were the victims, most deserving of sympathy.
  Unnecessary: Only a person who is oblivious* to the facts of modern life would doubt the need of vocational education today.
  Better: Only a person oblivious to the facts of modern life would doubt the need of vocational education today.
  Unnecessary: Not everyone in North America likes the taste of green tea, whether it contains caffeine or not.
  Better: With or without caffeine, not everyone in North America likes the taste of green tea.
  Unnecessary: Usually the Washington family married people who were socially better off than themselves, but the second marriage of George’s father was an exception.
  Better: Usually the Washingtons married their social betters, but the second marriage of George’s father was an exception.
  Unnecessary: In some instances, a letter can take ten days by air and six to eight weeks by ship to reach the person to whom the letter is addressed.
  Better: In some instances, a letter can take ten days by air and six to eight weeks by ship to reach its intended receiver.

重点单词   查看全部解释    
social ['səuʃəl]

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adj. 社会的,社交的
n. 社交聚会

 
dedicated ['dedi.keitid]

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adj. 专注的,献身的,专用的

 
caffeine ['kæfi:n]

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n. 咖啡因

联想记忆
unnecessary [ʌn'nesisəri]

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adj. 不必要的,多余的

 
fortune ['fɔ:tʃən]

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n. 财产,命运,运气

 
oblivious [ə'bliviəs]

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adj. 没注意到,或不知道

联想记忆
sympathy ['simpəθi]

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n. 同情,同情心,同感,赞同,慰问

联想记忆
vocational [vəu'keiʃənəl]

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adj. 职业的

 
exception [ik'sepʃən]

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n. 除外,例外,[律]异议,反对

 
spoke [spəuk]

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v. 说,说话,演说

 

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