Word List 6-4

1.hazard n．危险，冒险，危害物化冒险提出，尝试，使担风险

【例】There are many serious health hazards associated with drinking.
许多危害健康的情况都与酗酒有关。
【用】搭配at all hazards表示“不顾一切风险”。
【派】hazardous(adj.危险的；冒险的；碰运气的)
【辨】risk, hazard
两个词都含有“危险，冒险”之意。risk特指知道危险，但有意为之；hazard则指无法预测的风险，有冒险的意思，如：His life was full of hazard．

2.monopolize vt．垄断，独占

【记】联想记忆：monopol( y)(垄断)+ize一垄断，独占
【例】Visa and Master Card have attempted to monopolize the credit card market.
维萨卡和万事达卡试图垄断信用卡市场，
【派】monopoly[n.垄断，独占，专卖(权)]

3.capacity n.容量；能力；资格，地位

【记】词根记忆：cap(拿)+acity(名词后缀)--能拿住--能力
【例】A country's standard of living depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth.
一个国家的生活水平首先取决于它创造财富的能力。( 2002)
【用】capacity的常见搭配：①capacity for/of（…的能力）；②capacity to do sth.（做…的能力）：

4.vigo(u)r n.精力，活力，魄力

【记】词根记忆：vig(生命)+our--活力
【例】The President said the two countries should strengthen political ties and inject new vigor into bilateral relations.
总统表示，两国应该加强政治联系，为双边关系的发展注入新的活力。
【派】vigorous(adj.强壮的，精力充沛的)

5.inequality n.不平等，不平均：互异，不相同

【记】联想记忆：in+equality(平等)一不平等
【例】The inequaLity between the rich and the poor is growing in the city.
城市里贫富差距日渐悬殊。

6.clear adj.明确的，清楚的;清晰的，清澈的；晴朗的；畅通无阻的让清除，扫清；澄清；通过：偿清（债务）；办完（手续）

【例】kecp clear Ilf.The mayor kept clear of talking about his responsibility of the issue at the press conference.
市长在记者招待会上避开谈论他对该事应负的责任。
clear up The sky cleared up soon after the storm.
天空在暴雨后很快放晴了。
【用】词组clear up的意思是“放晴；澄清”，make clear的意思是“表明，讲清楚”。
【派】clearance[n.清除，清理；许可（证）,批准]

7.breath n．呼吸；空气的轻微流动

【例】The atmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell,and their inhabitants wasting with heat, toiled languidly in the desert.
那些地方的空气就像地狱中的气息，居民们忍受着炎热，疲惫无力地在沙漠中艰苦地劳作。( 2000)
ahove one's hrcath He gave a lecture above his breath in front of the whole class.
他站在全班人面前高声演讲。
below/under one's breath Tom always speaks below lus breath.
汤姆总是低声讲话。
catch onc's hrcath After climbing the steep hill,the old man stopped to catch his breath.
爬上陡峭的山坡之后，老人喘息寿。
hold onc's breath The race was so close that everyone was holding lus breath at the finish.
謇跑选手之间的实力如此接近以至于到终点时人们都屏住了呼吸。
out of breath When Gray dashed back,he was already out of breath.
格雷急速跑回来时，已经是上气不接下气了。
waste one's breath They don't listen，so don't waste your breath.
他们不会听的，所以你还是别白费口舌了。

8.gregarious adj.爱交际的；（指动物、鸟等）群居的，共生的

【记】词根记忆：greg(群体)+arious一群体的一群居的
【例】We cannot deny that man is a gregarious animal.
我们不能否认，人是群居动物。