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Conversation One
对话一
M:And now for the lighter side of news, Europe is setting an example for the rest of the world when it comes to food waste.
现在说说轻松点的新闻，欧洲在处理食物浪费方面为全世界设立榜样。
W: That's right, John.
没错，约翰。
This week the Italian government passed legislation that aimed to dramatically reduce the amount of food wasted in the country.
这周意大利政府通过法律，旨在减少国家的食物浪费数量。
New laws have been put into place that would make it easier for farms and supermarkets to donate unsold foods to those who're in need.
新法律的实行有助于农场和超市将卖不掉的食物捐赠给需要的人。
M: Yes.
是的。
In addition to this, businesses will now be rewarded for successful efforts to cut food waste.
除此之外，成功减少食物浪费的企业还会获得奖励。
W: Italy is not the only country to focus on reducing food waste.
意大利不是唯一致力减少食物浪费的国家。
Just earlier this year, the European Parliament voted in favor of legislation that would stop grocery giants from unfair trading practices that result in overproduction, thus creating waste.
今年早些时候，欧洲议会投票支持立法，制止零售业巨头的不公平交易行为，避免生产过剩，产生浪费。
M: In France, the government has banned supermarkets from throwing away edible foods and imposed harsh penalties on businesses that fail to comply with the regulations.
法国政府禁止超市丢弃食物，并重罚违反法令的企业。
W: While there is still much progress to be made, other countries could learn a thing or two from the example set by France and Italy.
尽管还有不少进步空间，其他国家仍可以从法国和意大利学到一些。
In the United States, up to forty percent of all food goes uneaten despite the fact that one in seven American households lacks regular access to good food.
在美国多达40%的食物未被食用，尽管七分之一的美国家庭不能稳定获得良好品质的食物。
One major cause of this problem is the confusion over food expiration labels, which are currently not regulated by the government.
一大原因是食物过期标签混乱，目前并未由政府监管。
M: All this could change soon.
这一切即将改变。
This wave of new laws in Europe will definitely put more pressure on law makers to reduce food waste here.
欧洲新法律的浪潮必然会迫使美国的法律制定者们降低食物浪费。
We turn now to a spokesperson from Harvard University's Food Law and Policy Clinic for more on the story.
接下来我们有请来自哈佛大学食品法律和政策事务所的发言人，对该话题做进一步探讨。
And now, let's welcome Prof. Edward Becker to speak to us.
现在，欢迎爱德华·贝克教授发言。
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
请根据你刚刚听到的对话回答问题1至问题4。
1. What does the woman say about the new laws in Italy?
问题1：女士关于意大利新颁法律说了些什么？
2. What did the European Parliament do to reduce food waste?
问题2：欧洲议会为减少食物浪费采取了什么措施？
3. What has the French government done recently?
问题3：法国政府最近有什么举措？
4. What is the major cause of food waste in the United States?
问题4：美国食物浪费的主要原因是什么？
