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Passage one.
短文一
While some scientists explore the surface of Antarctica, others are learning more about a giant body of water four kilometres beneath the ice pack.
当一些科学家探索南极洲的表面时，另一些科学家正在对冰盖下4公里处的巨大水体进行更多的了解。
Scientists first discovered Lake Vostok in the 1970s by using radio waves that penetrate the ice.
20世纪70年代，科学家们通过穿透冰层的无线电波首次发现了沃斯托克湖。
Since then, they have used sound waves and even satellites to map this massive body of water.
从那时起，他们就一直在利用声波甚至卫星来绘制这片巨大的水域。
How does the water in Lake Vostok remain liquid beneath an ice sheet?
沃斯托克湖的水在冰原下是如何保持液态的?
“The thick glacier above acts like insulating blanket and keeps the water from freezing,” said Martin Siegert, a glaciologist from the University of Wales.
威尔士大学的冰川学家马丁·斯哥特说：“上面厚厚的冰川就像保温层，可以防止水结冰。”
In addition, geothermal heat from deep within the earth may warm the hidden lake.
此外，来自地球深处的地热也可能会让这个隐藏的湖变暖。
The scientists suspect that microorganisms may be living in Lake Vostok closed off from the outside world for more than 2 million years.
科学家们怀疑微生物可能生活在与外界隔绝了200多万年的沃斯托克湖中。
"Anything found there will be totally alien to what's on the surface of the earth", said Siegert.
“在那里发现的任何东西都将与地球表面的东西完全不同”，斯哥特说。
Scientists are trying to find a way to drill into the ice and draw water samples without causing contamination.
科学家正试图寻找一种方法，在不造成污染的情况下，在冰中钻取水样。
Again, robots might be the solution. If all goes as planned, a drill-shaped robot will through the surface ice.
又一次，解决方法可能是机器人。如果一切按计划进行，一个钻形机器人将穿过表面冰层。
When it reaches the lake, it will release another robot that can swim in the lake, take pictures, and look for signs of life.
当它到达湖里时，会释放另一个机器人，这个机器人可以在湖里游泳、拍照，寻找生命的迹象。
The scientists hope their discoveries will shed light on life in outer space, which might exist in similar dark and airless conditions.
科学家们希望他们的发现将为外太空的生命提供线索，外太空的生命可能也存在于类似的黑暗和无空气环境中。
Recently, close up pictures of Jupiter's moon Europa shows signs of water beneath its icy surface.
最近，木星的卫星木卫二的特写照片显示，在其冰冷的表面下有水的迹象。
Once tested in Antarctica, robots could be sent to Europa to search for life there too.
一旦在南极洲通过测试，机器人就可以被送往木卫二去寻找那里的生命。
9. What did the scientists first use to discover Lake Vostok in the 1970s?
9.20世纪70年代，科学家第一次使用什么发现的沃斯托克湖？
10. What do scientists think about Lake Vostok?
10.关于沃斯托克湖，科学家有什么看法？
11. What do the scientists hope their discoveries will do?
11.科学家们希望自己的发现起到什么作用？
