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大学英语精读(第三版) 第四册:Unit3A Why Do We Believe That the Earth Is Round?(3)

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If the Oval Earth man answers - what I believe is true - that the ancient Egyptians, who thought the sun goes round the earth, could also predict eclipses, then bang goes my ace.I have only one card left: navigation. People can sail ship round the world, and reach theplaces theyaim at, by calculations which assume that the earth is spherical. I believe that finishes the Oval Earth man, though even then he may possibly have some kind of counter.

如果"地球卵形说"者反驳道-我以为他反驳得有理-认为太阳绕地球转的古代埃及人也能预言月食,那我的"爱司"牌便立刻化为乌有。我只剩下一张牌:航海。人们可以扬帆绕地球航行而到达他们的目的地,其航程的计算,就是以地球是球形的假定为依据的。我相信这一下可以彻底击败"地球卵形说"者了。不过即便如此,他还可能有某种回击的办法。
It will be seen that my reasons for thinking that the earth is round are rather precarious ones. Yet this is an exceptionally elementary piece of information. On most other questions I should have to fall back on the expert much earlier, and would be less able to test his pronouncements. And much the greater part of our knowledge is at this level.It does not rest on reasoning or on experiment, but on authority. And how can it be otherwise, when the range of knowledge is so vast that the expert himself is an ignoramus as soon as he strays away from his own specialty? Most people, if asked to prove that the earth is round, would not even bother to produce the rather weak arguments I have outlined above. They would start off by saying that "everyone knows" the earth to be round, and if pressed further, would become angry. In a way Shaw is right. This is a credulous age, and the burden of knowledge which we now have to carry is partly responsible.
由此可见,我认为地球是圆的,其根据是相当不牢靠的。然而这却是一点极其基本的知识。在别的大多数问题上,我只得更早地依赖专家的理论,且更少有办法检验他的结论了。我们的知识,其绝大部分都停留在这一水平上。它不是依靠推理或实验,而是依赖权威。可是,不这样,又有什么别的法子呢?知识的范围如此广博,一旦越出其专业范围,专家也会变成一无所知。对大多数人来说,如果要他们证明地球是圆的话,就连我上面概述的这些相当无力的论据,他们也不愿提供出来。他们一开始就会说:谁都知道地球是圆的。要是再加追问,就会生气了。在某种程度上讲,萧伯纳是说对了,如今是一个轻信的时代。究其缘由,部分在于,我们现今必须掌握的知识实在太多了。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
range [reindʒ]

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n. 范围,行列,射程,山脉,一系列
v. 排

 
reasoning ['ri:zniŋ]

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n. 推论,推理,论证

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bother ['bɔðə]

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v. 使恼怒,使不安,烦扰,费心
n. 烦扰,

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vast [vɑ:st]

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adj. 巨大的,广阔的
n. 浩瀚的太

 
exceptionally [ik'sepʃənəli]

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adv. 例外地,格外地,特别地

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predict [pri'dikt]

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v. 预知,预言,预报,预测

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credulous ['kredjuləs]

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adj. 轻信的,易受骗的

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authority [ə'θɔ:riti]

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n. 权力,权威,职权,官方,当局

 
produce [prə'dju:s]

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n. 产品,农作物
vt. 生产,提出,引起,

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assume [ə'sju:m]

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vt. 假定,设想,承担; (想当然的)认为

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