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新世纪大学英语综合教程第二版第一册U8b Different Ways of Talking(3)

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Tannen has found that these differences are reflected in the ways that children use language while they play. Boys often use commands when they talk to each other. For instance, when Tommy is captain he might say, "You go first. Don't wait for me." As the leader of the other boys, he tells them exactly what to do. But when Joy wants to influence her friends, she uses different forms of language. Instead of using commands, she will say, "Let's try it this way. Let's do this." This is how she tries to direct the other girls without sounding bossy. By using the form "let's," she also emphasizes the fact that the girls all belong to the same group.

坦嫩发现,这些差异表现在孩子玩耍时使用的语言上。男孩习惯用命令的口气交谈。例如,担任队长的汤米会说:“你先来。不要等我。”作为领头人,他明确告诉其他男孩该做什么。可是当乔伊想影响她的朋友时,却用不同的语言形式。她不会用命令的口气,而会这样说:“让我们来试试这个办法。我们一起这样做。”这就是她让其他女孩听从自己安排的说话方式,听起来就没有发号施令的意味了。使用“让我们来……”这种表达方式,还可以强化女孩们的群体归属感。
As Joy and Tommy grow up, they will continue to speak differently. In junior high school, Joy's status will depend on her circle of friends. If her friends are popular, then Joy may enjoy high status at school. For this reason, Joy and many other girls are interested in gossip. If Joy has some information to share about a popular girl at school, this proves that she has a friendship with this girl. In this way Joy can use gossip to gain more status in her school.
随着乔伊和汤米逐渐长大,他们的说话方式也日渐不同。在上初中时,乔伊的人气来自她的朋友圈。如果她的朋友很受欢迎,那么乔伊在学校也会更有人气。因此,乔伊和其他女孩们都喜欢八卦。如果乔伊和朋友分享了学校里一个颇受欢迎的女孩的八卦新闻,那说明她跟那个女孩很有交情。如此一来,乔伊就可以通过传播八卦新闻的方式来提升人气。
Tommy, on the other hand, may be less interested in gossip. His status does not depend on who his friends are at school. Tommy gains status through his own ability to play sports well or earn high grades. Later in life, Joy may continue to be interested in talking about other people and their lives. Tommy will be less interested in personal talk and more concerned with discussions of sports and news. These give him a chance to gain status by showing others his knowledge.
汤米对八卦却不怎么感兴趣。他在学校的地位并不靠朋友圈。汤米凭借自己的体育运动能力或优异的学习成绩赢得人气。成年后,乔伊可能仍然喜欢议论身边的人和他们的生活。但汤米会对私密的交谈不太感兴趣,而会更关注体育和时事。这些能让他有机会展现自己的学识,为自己赢得人气。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
concerned [kən'sə:nd]

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adj. 担忧的,关心的

 
circle ['sə:kl]

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n. 圈子,圆周,循环
v. 环绕,盘旋,包围

 
status ['steitəs]

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n. 地位,身份,情形,状况

联想记忆
gossip ['gɔsip]

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n. 流言蜚语,闲话,爱说长道短的人
vi.

 
popular ['pɔpjulə]

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adj. 流行的,大众的,通俗的,受欢迎的

联想记忆

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