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Economic Growth Is a Path to Perdition, Not Prosperity
经济增长是通向毁灭，而非通向繁荣之路
Wayne Ellwood
韦恩•埃尔伍德
Charles Darwin was a rigorous, meticulous scientist. He spent nearly 20 years honing his analysis and polishing his prose before publishing his groundbreaking work, On the Origin of Species, in November 1859.
查尔斯•达尔文是一位治学严谨的科学家。他在1859年II月发表了开创性的巨著《物种起源》。在发表该书之前，他花了将近20年时间对他的分析进行推敲改进，并对文字进行反复润色。
Darwin's slim volume was what we would call a "game changer," a revolutionary work that fundamentally altered the way human beings see themselves and the natural world. Today most of us are familiar with his theory of "natural selection"—the foundation of modern evolutionary biology. But 150 years ago, Darwin was sailing into choppy waters. The Church of England had set rigid boundaries, and his thesis was clearly a challenge to the orthodox view that humans were a separate, unique part of God's creation and that all life was divinely created and unchangeable.
达尔文这本薄薄的书是我们称之为“改变游戏规则的东西”，一部从根本上改变了人类看待自己和自然界的方式的革命性著作。今天，我们大多数人都熟悉他的“自然选择”理论——现代进化生物学的基础。但是在150年以前，达尔文可谓是驶入了波涛汹涌的水域。英国国教早已制定了严格的条条框框，而他的论点明显是对正统观点的挑战——教会的正统观点认为人类是由上帝创造的，独立于其他生物并且是独一无二的；同时，所有生命都是上帝创造的，是神圣而且不可改变的。
The establishment of the time mocked him. There was intense public debate. But Darwin was unflinching. Today his core idea that all animals and plants evolve and adapt through natural selection is the bedrock of modern life sciences. He opened the door to a new world—a door which religious fundamentalists and "intelligent design" proponents are still trying to close.
当时的当权者都嘲笑他。他的观点曾在公众中引发激烈的讨论。但是，达尔文丝毫没有畏惧。如今,他的核心观点——所有动物和植物都是在自然选择过程中进化并不断适应自然——已经成为现代生命科学的奠基石。他打开了通往一个新世界的大门——一扇宗教界的原教旨主义者和“智慧设计论”的倡导者们现在仍然试图关上的大门。
