1.supersonic a．超音速的(moving, capable of moving, or utilizing air currents moving at supersonic speed);n.超声波(a supersonic wave or frequency)
词根记忆：super(超)+son（声音）+ ic--超音速的
例：A scramjet can attain high speeds by reducing airflow compression at the entrance of the engine and letting air pass through at supersonic speeds.
同根词：resonance(n．反响，共鸣)
2.supplement v.补充，增补(to add) ;n．补充（物）．增补（物）(something that completes or makes an addition)
词根记忆：sup+ple(满)+ment--使满--补充，增补
例：The government proposed to supplement the income of those low-paid workers.//vitamin supplements维生素添加剂
3.suppress v.镇压(to subdue)；抑制，阻止( to restrain or inhibit)
词根记忆：sup(在下面)+press(压)--压下去--镇压
例：Police were ordered out to suppress the demonstrators．//Many malarial symptoms can be suppressed with anti-malarial medication.
派生词：suppressant(n．抑制物)；suppressed[a．生长（发育）受阻的]
4.supreme a．最高的（highest in rank or authority）；极度的(highest in degree or quality)
词根记忆：supre(=super超过)+me(我)--超越我的--最高的
例：the Supreme Court最高法院//The very rich couple lived in supreme luxury.
5.surcharge n.附加税：额外费(an additional tax or cost)
词根记忆：sur(超过)+charge(收费)--额外的收费--附加费
例：bunker surcharge燃油附加税
6.surge v./n.汹涌：猛增(to rise suddenly and excessively)
联想记忆：s+urge(急迫的)--水流湍急--汹涌
例：The huge wave surged over the beach.//The surge in new home sales may continue in the coming years.
7.surgeon n．外科医生（a medical specialist who practices surgery）
联想记忆：surge(波动)+on--做外科医师，情绪不能波动太大--外科医师
例：After 5 years hard study, Tom became a cardiac surgeon.
派生词：surgery(n.手术)；surgical(a．外科手术的)；surgically( ad.使用外科手术地)
8.surpass v.超越(to go beyond)；胜过（to exceed）
词根记忆：sur(上面)+pass(经过)--从上面经过--超越
例：India may surpass China as the world's most populous nation by 2050.//the excellent runner surpassed all previous records.