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COMMUNICATION WITH TEAMS
与团队进行协商
Surgical care is often provided in a team setting.
通常，外科拥有专门的外科小组。
Current surgical teams typically include physicians, nonphysician midlevel providers (often physician assistants or nurse practitioners), and a variety of students.
外科小组通常会包括内科医生、非内科中层医疗人员（通常是内科助理，或是护理执业师），以及各专业学生。
The student trainees may include students in medical school, physician assistant programs, or nursing school.
实习生有来自医学院的学生，内科助理项目学生，或是护理学校学生。
These teams have become increasingly complex, and the information they manipulate as a team to provide patient care is voluminous.
团队组成变得愈加复杂，需要掌握的信息量也非常庞杂。
In addition, the transfer of information from one provider to another as shifts or rotations change is recognized as a weak point in the patient care continuum.
此外，因轮换或调换需要，医生之间的信息转接也是治疗的弊端。
With these complex teams and extensive information the keys to efficient and effective team processes appear to be clarity of roles and processes that involve writing things down only once.
伴随错综复杂的团队合作和庞大的信息量，行之有效的团队工作方式表现为角色清晰和单次有效记录。
The advent of electronic medical records has allowed the generation of electronic tools to transfer information among team members.
由于电子病历的出现，信息能够通过电子仪器实现在小组成员间的转接。
Such tools may be useful to facilitate team processes.
这些工具能够促进团队进程。
Careful attention to transfers of care from one provider to another and explicit recognition that this is a potential time for errors is important.
认真转接信息，并对有可能发生的错误做出清晰认识，这非常重要。
PROFESSIONALISM
专业水准
Professionalism denotes behavior that characterizes a person as a professional.
专业水准指代的是专业人员的专业水平。
A professional is implied to possess the specialized knowledge of and to have gone through intensive academic preparation for his or her vocation.
专业人士指代的是拥有专业知识，对所在领域进行过深入学习的人。
Because conduct affects all interactions, for optimal effectiveness, the surgeon should behave professionally with patients with other health care professionals and in the broader context of their institutions.
由于行为影响交流，为了追求最佳治疗效果，外科医生应该与其他医务工作者以及医院一起，在病人面前展现良好的职业素养。
The AMA has promulgated a set of medical ethical principles that apply equally well to surgical practice and that can help to guide professional behavior.
美国医学协会公布了一系列医疗道德准则，准则同样适用于外科医生，并将对职业行为进行指导。
译文属可可英语原创，未经允许，不得转载。
