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美国副总统拜登在四川大学的讲话

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Q: Good morning, Mr. President [sic]. And I’m a -- student from the medical school of Sichuan University. But my question is about economy first. And as you know that the China holds about $1 trillion U.S. bonds of treasury bonds. And that much money -- actually the value is uncertain because of the downgrade of U.S. credit rating. You seem to have instilled the confidence of the U.S. financial well-being into young people today because I heard you say that the U.S. economy is really resilient. And -- but words alone cannot ease the mounting concern over the safety of China’s assets. So we would like to hear more about what measures you’re going to implement to reduce those deficits and redeem the financial strength of America.

THE VICE PRESIDENT: It’s a very good question. One of the multiple rating agencies reduced our rating from AAA to -- plus -- come down one notch. And that was very disturbing and bothersome to us, and we have to deal with is.
副总统:这个问题提得很好。多家评级机构中有一家把我们的信贷评级从AAA下调了一级。这件事造成了一些困扰,对我们来说是个麻烦,我们不得不应对。

We do have a deficit that I was asked by the President to head up a commission to try to deal with that deficit. And we made some significant progress, but not the progress we could have made and will make. The bottom line is we have to deal with two elements of our economy. One is what we call entitlement programs -- long-term commitments to our people in the area of particularly Medicare. That is the safety net we have for people once they reach the age of 65 to be able to be assured that they have health care.
我们的财政确实有赤字,奥巴马总统请我主持一个委员会来努力管理这项赤字。我们取得了一些重大进展,但还没有取得我们本应取得和即将取得的进展。最根本的是,我们必须调整我国经济中的两个要素。一个是我们所说的“福利计划”,特别是在联邦老年医保计划方面向美国人民作出的长期承诺。该计划是我们为老年人提供的医疗保障,也就是年满65岁即可享受的医疗保险。

And it is not sustainable without some changes in large part because we had what we call a baby boom, which doesn’t sound like much to Chinese -- 40 million people is not a big deal, I know. (Laughter.) But adding 40 million people to those who will benefit from the Medicare -- Medicaid payment -- Medicare payments has put the program in a position where changes have to be made.
如果不进行某些改变,该计划将无法持续,主要原因是我们曾经有过一个所谓的“婴儿潮”,这一时期出生的人有4,000万,我知道对中国人来说这不算多,没什么大不了。(笑声)但是,如果联邦老年医保计划的受益者再增加4,000万人,就会入不敷出,因此必须对该计划作出改变。

It’s easy to make those changes, and we had a tentative agreement to do that between the major political leaders of the Republican Party and the Democratic Party and the administration. But there is a group within the Republican Party that is a very strong voice now that did -- wanted different changes, and so that deal fell through at the very end.
要实现这些变革并不难,共和党和民主党的主要领导人以及奥巴马政府之间曾经达成一个初步协议。但共和党内部现在有一群嗓门很大的人,他们要求作出另外的改变,因此这项交易在最后关头夭折了。

What we ended up doing is setting up a system whereby we did cut by $1.2 trillion upfront, the deficit over the next 10 years. And we set up a group of senators that have to come up with another $1.2 to $1.7 trillion in savings or automatically there will be cuts that go into effect in January to get those savings. So the savings will be accomplished. But as I was talking to some of your leaders, you share a similar concern here in China. You have no safety net. Your policy has been one which I fully understand -- I’m not second-guessing -- of one child per family. The result being that you’re in a position where one wage earner will be taking care of four retired people. Not sustainable.
我们最后做到的是建立了一个框架,在这个框架内我们决定把今后10年的赤字初步削减1.2万亿美元。我们还成立了一个参议员小组,该小组必须提出另外削减1.2万亿至1.7万亿美元的计划,否则明年一月削减自动生效,以省下这笔钱。因此,缩减开支的目的一定会达到。但正如我通过与你们的一些领导人谈话所了解到的,你们在中国也有类似的担忧。你们缺乏社会保障网。你们一直实行一个家庭只生一个孩子的政策——我完全理解这一政策,也不会在这里指手划脚。但这种政策的结果是,一个赚取工薪的人将要照料四个退休的老人。这也是一种不可持续的状况。

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expand [iks'pænd]

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v. 增加,详述,扩展,使 ... 膨胀,
v

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encourage [in'kʌridʒ]

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vt. 鼓励,促进,支持

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sincerity [sin'seriti]

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n. 诚实,真实,诚心诚意

 
intention [in'tenʃən]

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n. 意图,意向,目的

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impressive [im'presiv]

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adj. 给人深刻印象的

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particular [pə'tikjulə]

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adj. 特殊的,特别的,特定的,挑剔的
n.

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separated ['sepəreitid]

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adj. 分居;分开的;不在一起生活的 v. 分开;隔开

 
orthodoxy ['ɔ:θə.dɔksi]

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n. 正统说法,正教,信奉正教

 
specific [spi'sifik]

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adj. 特殊的,明确的,具有特效的
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adj. 平民的
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