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英语口译三级精讲第64讲讲义
试题讲解
三、词汇
1、词汇口译
ID card 身份证
credit card 信用卡
driving license 驾照
issue 发行、颁发
identify识别、鉴别
board a plane 坐飞机
take parcels 取包裹
register for tax登记交税
apply for driver’s license 申请驾照
show your personal identity 出示身份
the second generation of ID cards 第二代身份证
high-tech products 技术含量高的产品
The Ministry of Public Security 公安部
be checked by a computer 机读
Industrialized countries 发达国家
Developing countries 发展中国家
South Asia南亚
Internet users 因特网用户
opening up new horizon 开辟了新的前景
promotion of creativity促进创新
pursue 追求
uneven distribution 分配不均衡
raise concern 值得关注
in other words 换言之
vital 至关重要的
in particular 特别、尤其
be keen to 热心、渴望
make a difference有影响、很重要
世界银行 World Bank
中长期发展 the medium to long-term future
翻两番 be quadrupled
周游列国 travel extensively around the world
感觉良好 feel good
克服困难 overcome difficulties
前所未有的 unprecedented
经济转型 economic restructuring
打下良好基础 lay down a foundation
长期的繁荣稳定 long-term prosperity and stability
感到乐观 be optimistic of
把握机遇 capitalize on the opportunities
亚洲经济的前景 prospect of the Asian economy
四、口译技巧
1、增词
如果一个中国人在国内旅行，除了要带上钱或信用卡，还需要带上身份证。
If a Chinese person travels within the country, besides of course bringing money or credit card, he has to bring his ID card with him. （译文中增加动词）
比如，坐飞机、住旅店、从邮局取包裹、登记交税、申请驾照，或是到了任何需要出示身份证的地方，都得用身份证。
If you board a plane, stay in a hotel, take parcels from a Post Office, register for tax, apply for driver’s license, or find yourself in any place that requires you to show your personal identity, you need to produce your ID card. （译文中增加主语）
2、反译
Citizens who are below that age, if they want, can also apply.
不到年纪的，如果想要，也可以申请。（译文中同时省略了主语）
3、语序调整
ID card is one of the most authoritative certificates issued by the government to show a person’s status.
身份证是政府颁发的证明一个人身份的最权威的证明。（译文中定语前置）
After about 20 years since the issue of the first ID cards, the Ministry of Public Security decided to issue the second generation of ID cards starting from January this year.
在身份证发行了二十年后，公安部决定从今年一月开始颁发第二代身份证。（译文中时间状语前置）
The uneven distribution of science and information between the industrialized and developing countries also raises concerns.
工业化国家（发达国家）和发展中国家之间科学与信息分配不均衡的问题也值得关注。（译文中定语前置）
In other words, capacity-building is vital for the developing world if they are to become knowledge societies.
换言之，如果发展中国家要建设知识社会，就必须加强自身的能力建设。（英译中条件从句前置）
他相信，只要亚洲各国努力把握面前的机遇，从长远看，亚洲经济的前景会是光明的。
He is confident that the long-term prospect of the Asian economy is bright so long as Asian countries work hard to capitalize on the opportunities that lie before them.（中译英条件从句后置）
4、词性转换
名词转化为动词
They do so through the exchange of scientific knowledge, the expansion of education and training, and the promotion of creativity and intercultural dialogue.
科学和信息可以促进科学知识的交流，扩大教育和培训的规模，促进创新和不同文化之间的对话。
In particular, I am keen to hear your views on how this meeting can make a difference and, indeed, how science and information can make a difference in building knowledge societies.
我特别希望了解的是，你们认为科学和信息对于建设知识社会能起什么作用，以及本次会议在这方面能发挥什么作用。
5、被动转化为主动
An early start must be made if we are to increase the numbers of students who are interested in pursuing a scientific career.
我们必须从儿童抓起，才能使越来越多的学生愿意从事科学工作。（同时增加主语）
Our organization is required therefore to help enlarge the spread of science and information through better education.
因此，本组织有必要通过改善教育状况来扩大科学和信息的覆盖范围。（同时原文中的断语“better education”转化为动词短语）
6、合并
谈到亚洲的经济，一位世界银行的官员表示，他经常周游列国，几乎每周都会飞到亚洲，每次来到这里他都感觉良好。
Talking about the Asian economy, a World Bank official said that he traveled extensively around the world and almost weekly within Asia, and that every time he came here, he felt good.（短句合并为带有两个宾语从句的长句。）
