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Ladies and gentlemen,
女士们，先生们，
In the midst of all this exciting potential, I see several reasons for caution.
所有这些潜力都令人兴奋，但我认为有若干理由需要我们谨慎行事。
First, medical decisions are complex. They depend on context and values such as care and compassion. I doubt that a machine will ever be able to imitate genuine human compassion.
首先，医疗决定是复杂的。它们取决于环境和价值观，如关爱和同情等。我不认为机器有一天真能模仿真正的人类同情心。
Second, machines can aid the work of doctors, organize, rationalize, and streamline the processes leading to a diagnosis or other medical decision, but artificial intelligence cannot replace doctors and nurses in their interactions with patients.
第二，机器可以协助医生工作，帮助组织、理顺和简化诊断程序或其它医疗决策过程，但人工智能不能取代医生和护士与患者之间的相互作用。
Third, we must consider the context and what it means for the lives of people. What good does it do to get an early diagnosis of skin or breast cancer if a country offers no opportunity for treatment, has no specialists or specialized facilities and equipment, or if the price of medicines is unaffordable for both patients and the health system?
第三，我们必须考虑环境及其对人们生活的意义。如果一个国家不提供治疗机会，没有专家或专门的设施和设备，或者药物的价格对于患者和卫生系统都不可负担，那么对皮肤癌或乳腺癌进行早期诊断又有什么意义？
What happens if a diagnosis by smartphone app misses a symptom that signals a severe underlying disease? Can you sue a machine for medical malpractice?
如果智能手机应用程序的诊断忽视了表明某种严重基础病的症状，会发生什么？你能起诉一台机器造成了医疗事故吗？
Medicines and medical devices are heavily regulated, and with good reason. Medical schools are accredited. Doctors and nurses are licensed to practice and are often required to undergo continuing education. How do you regulate a machine programmed to think like a human?
药品和医疗装置受到严格管制，这样做有充分的理由。医学院校须得到资格认证。医生和护士须获得许可方能从业，且需要经常接受持续教育。如何对一台经过编程能够像人一样思考的机器进行管制？
Regulatory issues must be solved before a new AI technology reaches the market. The reliability of wearable devices for monitoring cardiovascular performance is already being questioned. Medical history is replete with examples of technologies that were eventually rejected because they created a false sense of safety and security.
在新的人工智能技术进入市场之前，必须解决监管问题。用于监测心血管性能的穿戴式装置的可靠性已经受到质疑。医学史上因为造成虚假的安全保障感而最终被拒绝的技术比比皆是。
The mining of huge amounts of data raises serious issues of patient privacy and the sacrosanct confidentiality of medical records. This is another set of issues that must be addressed in advance.
数据的大量挖掘会给病人隐私和病历不可侵犯的保密性造成严重问题。这是另一组必须提前解决的问题。
Finally, we need to keep in mind that many developing countries do not have a great deal of health data to mine. These are countries that still do not have functioning information systems for civil registration and vital cause-of-death statistics.
最后，我们要记住，许多发展中国家没有可挖掘的大量卫生数据。这些国家仍然不具备能运作的民事登记信息系统和重要的死因统计数据。
In short, the potential of AI in health care is huge, but so is the need to take some precautions.
总之，人工智能在卫生保健领域的潜力是巨大的，但采取某些预防措施的需要也是巨大的。
Thank you.
谢谢大家。
