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In one campaign, with General Lee's forces threatening Washington,
在其中一场战役里，当李将军的部队逼近华盛顿
Lincoln responds by telegraphing direct orders to his generals.
林肯用电报直接向将军们下令
The exposed position of General Banks makes his immediate relief a point of paramount importance.
班克斯将军的位置已暴露，因此当务之急是解除他的指挥权
You are therefore directed by the President to move against Jackson at Harrisonburg.
你现在直接听命于总统立刻移师哈里斯堡迎战杰克逊部
This movement must be made immediately.
务必立即出发
In the course of the war,Lincoln sends almost 1000 telegrams from the small office.
整个南北战争期间林肯从这个小办公室发出了约1000份电报
But the South never grasps the potential of the telegraph in creating a centralized command and control system.
但南方从未意识到电报的这一潜力它可以建立一个集中的指挥和控制系统
It means Southern generals like Lee must plan their battles without that kind of strategic overview.
这也意味像李这样南方的将军们只能在没有战略全局观的条件下指挥作战
As the war continues,Lincoln brings down the hammer of his war machine.
随着战争的继续，林肯使出了他那战争机器的致命杀招
Industry,Lines of communication and supplies,manpower and firepower, are all marshalled to deliver a blow after blow to the Confederate Army.
工业，通讯和供给线路，兵力火力都被调动起来向南方联盟军发动一波接一波的攻击
But the South,bolstered by the belief in the rightness of its cause doggedly refuses to give in.
然而南方坚信他们是在为正义而战, 仍旧负隅顽抗拒绝投降
As a result, the death toll just keeps rising.
因此,死亡人数不断攀升
At Antietam in 1862, 6,000 are killed,17,000 wounded.
1862年安提耶坦一役中6000士兵阵亡, 17000士兵负伤
Over four times as many as during world War II's D-Day landings.
是二战时诺曼底登陆死伤人数的四倍
The carnage will trigger a revolution in battlefield medicine.
巨大的伤亡催生了一场战地医疗的革命
3/4 of all operations conducted by army surgeons during the Civil War are amputations.
内战时期军队外科医生实施的手术四分之三均为截肢
Letters from surgeon William Watson record what these battlefield ERs were like.
外科医生威廉·沃森所写的信里记录了当时战场上急诊医师的工作状况
Day before yesterday I performed 14 amputations without leaving the table.
前天，我一共进行了14个截肢手术一刻也没有离开手术台
I do not exaggerate when I say
我可以毫不夸张地说
I have performed at the least calculation, 50 amputations.
算起来我起码做了50台截肢手术
There are so many severely wounded to the joints.
很多士兵的关节受了重伤
There are so many operations yet to be performed.
还有很多手术要做
Surgeon Theodore Dimon describes the hideous wounds left by weapons like the Minie ball.
外科医生西奥多·戴蒙描述了由迷你弹这类武器所造成的可怕伤口
