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托福语法:动词不定式及动名词要点解析

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 动词不定式和动名词在TOEEL测试中不算活跃的考题,但出题频率比较稳定,即不频繁,亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式,即(1)不定式to后面接原形动词,(2)动名词具有动词和名词两重功能,介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型


  1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词


  全真例题分析


  (1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)


  [答案] C 动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see。


  (2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)


  [答案] D to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。


  (3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)


  [答案] D动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词,不能接名词。


  (4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1)


  [答案] D这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Recing应改为race,与to组成不定式。


  2. 动词不定式作目的状语


  解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分,目的状语则是TOEEL常考到的形式。动词不定型式作目的状语的命题主要分布在structure (1-15题)中。


  全真例题分析


  (1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .


  (A) generating


  (B) generates


  (C) to generate


  (D) it is generating


  [答案] C 根据句意及结构,此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。


  (2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.


  (A) Creates


  (B) Created


  (C) The creating of


  (D) To create (92.10)


  [答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。


  (3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.


  (A) Saved


  (B) Saves


  (C) To save


  (D) The saving (91.5)


  [答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语,且放在句首表示强调。


  3. 动名词的正确用法


  解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多,但有一个常出现的题型;介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式,作介词的宾语。


  全真例题分析


  (1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)


  [答案] C 介词of后面应接动名词形式,即of preparing。


  (2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)


  [答案] D 动名原形jamp位于介词for后面,故应改为动句词jamping。


  (3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)


  [答案] D 动名词原形release位于介词for后面,故应改为动名词releasing。


  (4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)


  [答案] C 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语,自身又带宾语reality。


重点单词   查看全部解释    
tension ['tenʃən]

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n. 紧张,拉力,张力,紧张状态,[电]电压

联想记忆
strive [straiv]

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vi. 奋斗,努力,力求

 
traditional [trə'diʃənəl]

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adj. 传统的

 
performance [pə'fɔ:məns]

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n. 表演,表现; 履行,实行
n. 性能,本

联想记忆
reaction [ri'ækʃən]

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n. 反应,反作用力,化学反应

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release [ri'li:s]

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n. 释放,让渡,发行
vt. 释放,让与,准

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bend [bend]

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v. 弯曲,使弯曲,屈服,屈从
n. 弯曲,弯

 
movement ['mu:vmənt]

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n. 活动,运动,移动,[音]乐章

联想记忆
absolutely ['æbsəlu:tli]

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adv. 绝对地,完全地;独立地

 
substance ['sʌbstəns]

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n. 物质,实质,内容,重要性,财产

联想记忆


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