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趣味英语起源论第559期:Fluorine 氟化钙

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世间万物的存在,必定有其存在的价值和意义,每一个事物的产生必定有其产生的根源,并非凭空而降。

Fluorine 氟化钙


得名于萤石(拉丁语Fluor,原意是熔剂),化学成分是氟化钙。

关于氟的命名,1810年的过化学家戴维与安培就曾建议用希腊单词“Fluo”表示这个未知元素,因为"fluo"在希腊文中有“动”的含义,含氟矿物称为萤石。远古时代,人们在金属冶炼过程中就知道用萤石做熔剂,萤石和矿石在一起加热,就会使杂志生成流动性的矿渣而与金属分离,因此将其称为fluores,就是拉丁语“流动之意。

1813, non-metallic element, coined by English chemist Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829) from fluorspar ("calcium fluoride," modern fluorite), the name of the mineral where it was first found, from L. fluor, originally meaning "a flowing, flow" (see fluent). The mineral name was given by Georg Agricola in 1546, translating German name flusse, so called because it melts easily.

词根flu-

Flux

flux denotes generally ‘flowing’, and comes from Latin fluxus, a derivative of the past participle of fluere ‘flow’. this verb, similar in form and meaning to English flow but in fact unrelated to it, is responsible for a very wide range of English words: its past participle has given us fluctuate, its present participle fluent and a spectrum of derived forms, such as affluent, effluent, and influence, and other descendants include fluid (literally‘flowing’, from Latin fluidus), mellifluous (literally ‘flowing with honey’), superfluous, and fluvial (from Latin fluvius ‘river’, a derivative of fluere). Latin fluxus also produced the card-playing term flush.

affluent 富裕的,富足的

effluent 发出的,流出的;工业排放的废水

fluctuate 涨动,起伏

fluent 熟练地,流畅的

fluid 流体的;易变的

influence 影响;权力

mellifluous 声音甜美的,悦耳的

superfluous 过多的,过剩的

flue 烟道


重点单词   查看全部解释    
derivative [di'rivətiv]

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adj. (贬)非独创的,庸乏的,派生的
n.

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mellifluous [mə'lifluəs]

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adj. 如蜜般的,流畅的 =mellifluent

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affluent ['æfluənt]

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adj. 富裕的
n. 支流

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superfluous [sju:'pə:fluəs]

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adj. 多余的,过剩的

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spectrum ['spektrəm]

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n. 光谱,范围,系列

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flush [flʌʃ]

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v. 奔流,发红,冲洗,迅速流过
n. 脸红,

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calcium ['kælsiəm]

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n. 钙

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fluent ['flu:ənt]

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adj. 流利的,流畅的

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element ['elimənt]

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n. 元素,成分,组成部分,(复数)恶劣天气

 
range [reindʒ]

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n. 范围,行列,射程,山脉,一系列
v. 排

 

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