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Major Scenic Sites
主要景点
Xidi Village
西递村
1.Archway of Hu Wen-guang
1.胡文光牌坊
Archway of Hu wen-guang，popularly referred to as Archway of Xidi village，has a history of over 400 years since its erecting in 1578 in Ming Dynasty. Hu Wen-guang was a native of the village，who passed the civil service examination and was assigned as the magistrate of Wanzai County，Jiangxi Province，then Regional Director of Jiao Prefecture，an official of King Jing，and awarded with the rank of a Grade IV official. Because of his excellent administrative achievement，the emperor approved the erection of his archway of honor as a reward.
胡文光牌坊俗称西递牌楼，建于明万历六年( 1578 )，距今已有400多年的历史。当时的西递人胡文光(1521一1593)中了嘉靖乙卯科进士，先被朝廷任命为江西万载县知县，后任胶州刺史、荆王府长史，授四品朝列大夫，因其政绩显著，被皇帝恩准救建这座牌坊。
2. Jing' al Hall
2.敬爱堂
This hall of respect of love for ancestor seats on the east bank of front stream,the largest shrine remaining in Xidi village. It was originally the residence of Hu Shiheng，the 14th generation ancestor of the clan. First constructed in Ming Dynasty,later damaged in a fire，the hall was restored in Qing Dynasty as the clan shrine. It is a wood and brick structured building typical of Anhui architecture，covering 1 800 m2，as the center where the whole village expanded out.
敬爱堂位于前边溪东岸，是西递村现存最大的祠堂。敬爱堂原为西递胡氏十四世祖仕亨公住宅，始建于明万历年间，后被毁于火灾，到清乾隆年间才重建为宗祠。敬爱堂是一座面积达1 800平方一米的典型徽派砖木结构建筑，整个村庄就是以它为中心展开布局的。
3. Zhuimu Hall
3.追慕堂
This memorial hall is located at the upper of Street Dalu，first constructed in 1794 to commemorate the ancestors of Hu clan as a reminder of the historical origin of Li family and Hu family.
追慕堂位于大路街上方，建于清乾隆甲寅年(1794)，用以追思慕念胡氏先祖，使后人勿忘当年的李胡皇族渊源。
4. Kuanggu House
4.旷古斋
Entering the village and going on along the slab road to Street Dalu，visitors would see an old and grand mansion:Kuanggu House，or Ancient House. It was originally a courtyard house of family residence constructed in Qing Dynasty，with its Three Carvings of brick, wood，and stone well preserved.
从西递村头沿青石板路走进村中大路街，可看到一座高大的老房子，这便是旷古斋。旷古斋是一座庭院式的私家宅院，建J立清康熙年间，如今斋内的砖、木、石三雕都基本保持原样。
5. Ruiyu Courtyard
5.瑞玉庭
Or Courtyard of Lucky Jade，this is a typical house of Hui merchants，built in Qing Dynasty at the entrance of Cross Street.
瑞玉庭位于横路街，建于清咸丰年间，是一座有代表性的徽商住宅。
6. Garden of Peach and Plum
6桃李园
The garden seats at the middle of Cross Street，built in Qing Dynasty. It was the family mansion of Hu Yuan-xi，a merchant of Hui from Xidi. The mansion consists of the main building and its courtyard，in a format of 3-room wide，3-courted,and 2-storyed. The second story of the second court has an opening for sunlight and ventilation of the whole house.
桃李园位于横路街中部，建于清咸丰年间，由正屋和庭院组成，是西递徽商胡元熙的旧宅。正屋为三间二进三楼结构，二进楼L二设有“楼井”，可使整座房屋空气流通，光线充足。
7. West Garden and East Garden
7.西园、东园
West Garden is situated at the middle of Cross Street，the former family house of Hu Wen-zhao，a Grade IV official in ding Dynasty. The mansion consists of three courts，separated by low walls.
西园在中横路街土，是清道光年间四品官员胡文照的私宅庭院分前、中、后几进，以低墙相隔。
Parallel to West Garden is East Garden，built about 260 years ago in Qing Dynasty. It is an ancient mansion of multiple units，plain in style. The gate is not big，but particularly delicate，with the words‘East Garden" inscribed above.
东园与酉园相对应，建于清雍正年间，距今有260年历史，是一组多单元的古老住宅，风格古朴。东园门不大，但却极为精致，门额上刻行朽“东园”二字。
8. Yingfu Hall
8.膺福堂
This was the private residence of Hu Shang-zeng，a Grade II official of Qing Dynasty，the highest in rank among those from Xidi village. The mansion was built in Emperor Kangxi's reign，3-court and 3-story in structure.
膺福堂是西递官职最高的清二品官胡尚增的私邸，建于清康熙年间，为三进三楼结钩。
9. Dunren Hall
9.惇仁堂
This house seats by the front stream，built in Qing Dynasty as the residence for his retired years by Hu Guan-san，number one merchant of Hui in the village and one of“the six rich men in southern China".
惇仁堂位于前边溪f畔，建于清康熙年间，为村中徽商泰斗，有“江南六富”之一美誉的胡贯三晚年的居所。
10. Shangde Hall
10.尚德堂
Meaning“Virtue Hall”in Chinese，it is located at the upper of front stream ,built 400 years ago in Ming Dynadty，the oldest of its kind in Xidi village.
尚德'堂位于前边溪上游，始建f明万历年间，距今约有四百年的历史，是目前西递村最古老的明代民居建筑。
11. Stream Villa
11.临溪别墅
In Xidi village，the street along Rear Stream is particularly scenic with house holds，bridges and brooks. Among the houses here is this distinguished folk's villa,constructed in Qing Dynasty as part of the former Maoxiu(Diligent Cultivation) hall，specially set up for leisure and study.
西递占村落的后边溪街处处有小桥流水人家景色，其中建于此地的临溪别墅是一座极为别致的民宅。它始建于清道光年间，为当年“懋修堂”建筑的重要部分，是一座适合于休闲读书的宅院。
Hongcun village
宏村
1. South Lake School
1.南湖书院
South Lake is beautiful with its picturesque landscape. In later Ming Dynasty the villagers set up six private schools by the north of the lake，called“Six Schools by the Lake"，for the education of the clan's youngsters. In 1814，the six schools merged into one and named as“Intellectual Family School”，also referred to as South Lake School. As a representative complex of ancient schools in Hui prefecture，South Lake School is now under the special provincial protection.
宏村的南湖景色秀阴，风暴如画。明末宏村人在南湖北畔建塾六所，称“倚湖六院”，专供族中子弟受业解惑。清嘉庆一十九年(1814)，刘元合并重建，。取名为以文家塾，又名南湖书院。
2. Lexu Hall
2.乐叙堂
Also called Hall of All Families，it is the primary shrine of the Wang clan，located at the north of Moon Pond in the village and constructed together with the pond in Ming Dynasty
乐叙常又名众家厅，是宏村的汪氏总、词，位于村中月塘一化畔，与月塘同建于明水乐年间。
3. South Lake
3.南湖
This lake of Hongcun village is praised as“the minor West Lake by the foot of Yellow Mountain".It is so named because its position is right in the south of the village. First dug in 1607，the man-made lake holds about 2 hectares of water expause，in a shape of a big bow.
宏村的南湖有“黄山脚下小西湖”之美誉，因位于宏村正南方而得名，始建于明万历年间(1607），是占地面积为2公顷的人工湖。
4. Moon Pond
4.月沼
From South Lake along the ditch northward to the certer of the village，visitors come to a crescent pool、called Moon Fen or Moon Pond，which is the“stomach" of Hongcun viiiage，and the site of‘'Early Spring at Moon Pond"，one of the eight scenes of the village.
从南湖沿水圳_比卜，到村中便可见一占地数千平方米的半月形池塘，名月沼或月塘，这就是宏村的“牛胃”。“月沼春晓”为宏村八景之一。
5. Water Conduit
5.水圳
This watercourse of the village is the‘。ox intestine"，leading in water from Shijie，the“ox tongue" west of the village。where water falls on the rock like pearls，then runs forward in the shade of trees along side West Stream. Here is another one of the village's eight scenes:Water Ripples at Shijie.
宏村里被称为“牛肠”的水圳起源于村西的“牛舌”—石碣头。石碣上水珠溅玉，两溪两岸绿树成荫，这里是宏村八景之一的“石碣萦波”。
6. Chengzhi Hall
6.承志堂
Chengzhi(Ambition Succeeding)Hall seats at the middle of the water conduit. It was the family house of Wang Ding-gui，a prominent salt dealer in later Qing Dynasty. The house was built in 1855，now under provincial protection as a key historical site.
承志,堂坐落于水圳中段、始建于清咸丰五年(I 855 )，是清末大盆商汪定贵的住宅。现为省级重点文物保护单位。
7. Lexian Hall
7.乐贤堂
Lexian(Sage Pleasing)Hall was built on the main street of the village in 1699， occupying 411 m2 with 358m- floor space. This is one of the“three primary halls"(the other two are Sanli Hall and Baoyi Hall)，now under the provincial protection as historical sites.
乐贤堂地处宏村正街，始建于清康熙三十八年(1699),占地411平方米，建筑面积358平方米，是清初汪氏后裔所建的“三大堂屋”之一(另两座为三立堂和宝贻堂）属省级文物保护单位。
8. Deyi Hall
8.德义堂
Deyi(Virtue and Righteousness)Hall is a typical waterside residence，first constructed in 1815，covering only 220m2with 144m2 floor space. Within a relatively small area，the house is arranged and decorated like a garden，with potted landstapes and flowers and trees as well.
德义堂是一座典型的皖南水榭式民居，始建于清嘉庆二十年(1815)，占地仅220平方米，建筑面积144平方米。在不大的空间甩，施以园林式建筑布局，小至盆景，大至果木，一一铺设。
9. Green Garden
9.碧园
It is also a waterside mansion which lies near the source of the village's water conduit. First built towards the end of Ming Dynasty，it was later damaged，then restored in 1825，covering 278m} with 256m- total floor space. Facing south by a pond of running water，the mansion has a courtyard，a garden，a pond ,a tower pavilion，and a wood carving tower.
碧园水榭宅在宏村水圳头附近，始建J明末，后被毁、砚建于清道光十五年(1825)，占地278平方米，建筑而积256平方米.山庭院、花园、水塘、楼个和木雕楼组成，建筑手法朴实洗练，环境幽静淡雅.
Other Attractions Around the Place
周边名胜
1. Zouma Tower
1.走马楼
Meaning literally“horses passable below" and also called Lofty Tower，it stands west of Archway of Hu Wen-guang at the village entrance，quickly set up by Hu Guan-san，the richest and the number one merchant of the village，to welcome and honor Premier Cao Zheng-yong，father-in-law of Hu's son.
位于村头胡文光牌坊西侧的走马楼又称“凌云阁”，始建于清道光年间.是当年西递首富胡贯三为迎接其亲家，当朝宰川曹振墉的到来而突击营造的。
2. Embroidery Tower
2.绣楼
This is the tower beside the Official's Mansion(Daifu Di)at the cross of Street Dalu and Cross Street. The mansion owner wasted no waste of this little lot beside the mansion for this tower by the street. The folktale is that his daughter once chose her husband by throwing down an embroidery ball to the lucky young man,therefore the tower is so called.
位于大路街与横路街交汇处的大尺第边，是大夫第主人利用正屋旁隙地建起的一座临街阁楼。传说胡家小姐曾在此楼上抛绣球择婿，因而又被称为“小姐绣楼“。
3. Nanping Village
3.南屏村
It is 4km west of Yixian County and it has a histor,} as long as over 1 100years. There are now in the village 8 temples，36 wells .72 lanes and more than 300 houses built in Ming and Qing Dynasties .
位于黔县城西4公里处，有1100多年历史村中有36眼井、72条巷和300多幢明清古民居，现存祠堂8个，且有族祠、家祠和支祠之分，被誉为“中国占祠堂建筑博物馆”。
4. Guanlu Village
4.关麓村
It is about 2km west of Nanping Village. Most of the houses here used to belong to the eight brothers of the Rich Guan's.
在南屏村以西约2公里处。关麓村古时有关麓八大家，实际仁是同姓的八兄弟，是大户人家，柯举尤部分房子都是这八兄弟的家宅。
5. Tachuan Village
5.塔川村
It is only 2km away from Hongcun Village and it is built on the mountain. The group of ancient houses on the mountain slope look like a huge tower in the distance，so is the name“Tower"(Ta in Chinese);and a clear stream running right through the village and bring a lot of happiness to the people here，thus the word “Stream"(Chuan in Chinese)was remembered. That is the origin of the name of the vsllage:Tachuan.
塔川村即离宏村仅2公里处。该村依山而建，飞檐翘角的古民居，层层叠叠，错落有致，远远望去，就好像一座宝塔矗立在山谷之中，此为“塔”之来历。一条清澈的小溪穿村潺潺流过，给小村带来生机灵气，此为“川”之来历。塔川村因此而得名。
