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哪些国家最注重教育质量
Over the past few years, the United States and other western countries have seen a trend of teachers quitting their jobs. Among their chief complaints is an overwhelming focus
on standardized testing, and the feeling that their professional opinions are ignored. Perhaps as a result, the US was 29th in the most recent rankings of countries by education. So we wanted to know, which countries have the best education, and what are they doing right?
过去几年，美国和其他西方国家见证了教师离职潮。他们最经常抱怨的就是过度注重标准化测试，以及自己的专业意见被忽视的感觉。因此，美国在最近的教育质量排名中排在第29位。那么，我们想要知道，哪些国家有着最好的教育质量？他们在哪些方面做得比较好？
In 2015, the OECD released a report on Universal Basic Skills, including one of the largest global education rankings. A substantial portion of the ranking is based on an international assessment of reading, mathematics, and science literacy, called PISA. Now, since the year 2000, Finland has topped most international education lists, especially based on PISA scores. But this year’s ranking, places Finland sixth worldwide. And while that’s partially the result of declining Finish test scores, it is much more so because a number of East Asian countries have come to dominate the list.
2015年，经合组织发表了通用基本技能报告，其中包括最大的全球教育质量排名。排名的绝大部分是基于国际阅读，数学和科学技能评估，称为“国际学生评价项目”。自2000年以来，芬兰在国际教育排名中一直排在首位，尤其是以PISA分数为标准的项目。但是在今年的排名中，芬兰排在世界第六位。部分原因是芬兰考试分数的下降，更主要的是由于东亚一些国家开始占据榜单前列。
In fact, all top five countries are located in and around East Asia: Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. And they’re all relatively wealthy nations, who share
similar views on education. Succeeding in school is culturally stressed as a priority,and has an enormous impact on future prospects.This leads to intense competition, and subsequently higher overall scores. But in contrast to less effective education systems, these top ranking countries heavily invest in their teachers. For example, number one ranked Singapore is known for providing bonuses to well performing teachers, and attracts qualified instructors with competitive salaries.
实际上，排在前五位的国家都位于东亚和东亚周边：新加坡，香港，韩国，日本和台湾。这些相对来说都是比较富裕的国家，持有类似的教育理念。从文化传统来讲，在学校取得成功是首要任务，对未来的发展有着巨大的影响。这导致激烈的竞争和越来越高的分数。但是与其他效率较低的教育体系相比，这些排名靠前的国家在教室方面加大了投资力度。例如，排名第一的新加坡为教学能力高的老师提供奖金，用有竞争力的薪水吸引有资格的导师。
And as a number of Asian countries continue to see rapid economic growth, having a strong education system is integral to future economic success. Looking at the far end of education rankings, Ghana had the lowest secondary school enrollment rate of countries surveyed, as well as the lowest PISA scores. The OECD has predicted that if Ghana could meet universal basic skill goals, they could see their GDP rise 38 times higher over the lifetime of a child born today. They also point out that when a nation’s population is uneducated,it equates to lost economic output, and can lead to a permanent economic recession as a result.
随着几个亚洲国家经济的快速发展，拥有强大的教育体系对于未来的经济成功是必不可少的。而位于教育质量排名底端的国家中，加纳的初中入学率在所有受调查国家中是最低的，其PISA分数也最低。经合组织预测，如果加纳能够满足通用基本技能的目标，今天出生的婴儿一生的时间内，他们的GDP将增加38倍。他们还指出，当一个国家的人口没有受过教育的时候，相当于失去了经济产值，导致永久性的经济衰退。
Additionally, in countries like the UK, one in five children finish school without a basic level of education. Similarly in the US, around two-thirds of nine and ten year olds cannot yet read at their grade level. Some point to an emphasis on “repetitive rote learning”, rather than actual education. This is often the difference between hands on instruction,and standardized test-based goals. The latter has shown to fail both students and teachers.
此外，在英国等国家，五分之一的孩子毕业时没有基本的教育水平。类似的，在美国，大约三分之二的九岁和十岁的孩子没有达到这个年龄应具备的教育水平。一些人指出，这是因为学校强调“重复机械学习”，而不是真正的教育。这就是动手能力和标准化应试教育之间的区别。后者导致老师和学生都存在失败。
Education is one of the most important criteria for determining the present and future health of a nation. And while not every country has the resources or cultural emphasis for successful modes of teaching, it is clear that governments should be treating education as an extremely high priority.
教育是衡量一个国家现在和未来健康状况最重要的标准之一。尽管并不是每一个国家都有相应的资源或者强调成功的教学模式，很明显，政府应该将教育视为第一要务。
