circus 马戏团，马戏场
circumspect a. 慎重的，周到的，小心谨慎的
environment n. (用单数) circumstance n. (用复数)
deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人机会 rob: 抢 rob sb. of sth.
e.g. He deprived me of the opportunity of education. / He deprived me of freedom. / I’m
deprived./downfallen.
possess: 拥有 dispossess sb. of sth.
invest: 投资 devest: 拿走
denude v. 使身无分文
convince sb. of sth.e.g. He convinced me of his honesty. (强调结果)
persuade sb. to do sth.e.g. She persuade me to go shopping with her. （强调过程）
His speech is very convincing. (具有说服力)
enlightened: 受到启迪
Listen to both sides, you will be enlightened. (兼听则明)
the enlightenment 启蒙运动 We should base on understanding on reason.
1. ancient philosopher (Aristotle)
2. Renaissance (文艺复兴)
3. scientific revolution
Religion always regarded human as vicious. (well-natured: 人性本善)
Famous figures: Bacon, Locke, Rousseau《The Confessions》
instruct: 指导 instructor 辅导员 cycle of instruction 教学周期
punctuate vt.加强，介入，加标点
underline: 加强
fortify: 加强（工事）
intensify: 强化
preach sermon
missionary: 带着任务到国外传教
defendant n. 被告 (plaintiff: 原告 prosecutor: 原告（尤指刑事）
MA=master of arts: 硕士 PHD：博士 defendant: 论文的答辩者 defend my thesis
mental outlook: 精神面貌 world outlook: 世界观
vision/view/sight
capacity n. 能力 breath capacity: 肺活量
capability/caliber: high caliber
in the capacity of: 以什么身份
e.g. In the capacity of a chairman, I extend a warm welcome to all the delegates.
acupuncture 针灸术

inherit vt.
inheritor: 继承人
people/folk: 民族 （high civilized）
tribe: backward Mongolian tribe 蒙古部落
clan: 氏族 maternal: 母系 paternal: 父系
illiterate n. 文盲
literate: 有文化的
antiilliteracy 扫盲
compulsory service system 义务服役制
compulsory course 必修科目
optional/selective course: 选修科目
deem=regard/think
I deem him right.
He hampers my progress.
block / thwart
shackle: 枷锁
impede: 阻止
jungle law: 丛林法则
the survival of the fittest 适者生存
savannah: 大草原（比较潮湿的湿地） in South America
delinquency juvenile delinquency
crime/sin/guilt
crime 非常严重 commit
sin: 可以饶恕的罪行 Amitabha
guilt: (抽象)犯罪 I am guilty.
confront vt. 面对 （face 的书面用语）
confront difficulty / be confronted with
There’s a confrontation between the two nations.
Notes on the text 课文注释
key words: 关键词 / an=once, 表强调 / victim: 牺牲品 / adverse
deprived: 被剥夺 （Only with education can a man be successful. ）
经典背诵句：
Education is one of the key words of our time. a man without an education, many of us believe,
is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances deprived of one of the greatest
twentieth-century opportunities.
(As an apple is not an apple in any things until it is ripe, so a man without education is not a man
in any things. )

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