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时尚双语:狗也有嫉妒心

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Dogs can be jealous, say scientists

Dogs are prone to complex emotions such as jealousy and pride, according to scientific research that sheds new light on their relationship with humans.

Canines do not like seeing their owners offering affection to other creatures, especially other dogs, and react negatively when their owners bring home new partners, the research found.

Psychologists previously believed most animals lack the "sense of self" needed to experience so-called secondary emotions such as jealousy, embarrassment, empathy or guilt. These emotions are more complex than feelings associated with instant reaction – such as anger, lust or joy.

Dr Friederike Range, of the University of Vienna's neurobiology department, has shown that dogs feel intense jealously when they spot that they are unfairly treated compared with other dogs. "Dogs show a strong aversion to inequity," she said.

The dog study is the latest into several species, including cows, horses, cats and sheep, which have shown that animals are far more self-aware than was thought.

Dr Paul Morris, a psychologist at the University of Portsmouth who studies animal emotions, told The Sunday Times: "We are learning that dogs, horses, and perhaps many other species are far more emotionally complex than we ever realised. They can suffer simple forms of many emotions we once thought only primates could experience."

In research among dog owners, Dr Morris found almost all of them reported jealous behaviour by their pets. The dog often tried to prise their owner away from a new lover in the early days of a relationship.

Behavioural experts recommend owners keeping their dog's routine as much as possible when a new partner or child comes along in order to prevent jealous activity from the dog such as interruptions with barking or whining.

重点单词   查看全部解释    
dislodge [dis'lɔdʒ]

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vt. 逐出,用力移出 vi. 移走,离开

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dislike [dis'laik]

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v. 不喜欢,厌恶
n. 不喜爱,厌恶,反感

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leverage ['li:vəridʒ]

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n. 杠杆(作用,力量),举债经营 v. (使)举债经营

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range [reindʒ]

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n. 范围,行列,射程,山脉,一系列
v. 排

 
empathy ['empəθi]

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n. 移情作用,共鸣,执着投入

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intense [in'tens]

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adj. 强烈的,剧烈的,热烈的

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reaction [ri'ækʃən]

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n. 反应,反作用力,化学反应

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repugnance [ri'pʌgnəns]

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n. 不一致,厌恶

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prevent [pri'vent]

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v. 预防,防止

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affection [ə'fekʃən]

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n. 慈爱,喜爱,感情,影响

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