7. Poison Ivy

7.毒葛

Solution: Lawn Weed Plantain

解决方案：草坪杂草之车前草

Run for the shower -- or the nearest creek, if you're hiking -- and wash away the resin before the allergic reaction takes hold. Once you come into contact with poison ivy, the clock starts ticking: You have about 15 minutes to get rid of the urushiol. Use soap and warm water, if they're available. If you have a choice of soaps, use one that does not contain moisturizers. Skip the washcloth, since it can spread the oil around your body. Pick a few leaves from the common lawn weed plantain, wash them, mash them, and apply as a poultice to the affected skin. Plantain contains a chemical (called allantoin) that is anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial.

跑向浴室——或者最近的小溪，如果你在徒步旅行的话——在过敏反应爆发前洗掉树脂。一旦你接触到毒葛，计时就开始了：你约有15分钟时间来除掉漆酚（译注：一种有毒物质）。使用肥皂和温水，如果手边有的话。如果可以选择，用那种不含增湿成分的肥皂。不要用毛巾，因为它会使这种油脂散布到全身。从常见的草坪杂草车前草上摘几片叶子，洗净，捣碎，然后像膏药一样敷在受感染的皮肤上。车前草含有一种叫做尿囊素的化学物质，是消炎抗菌的。