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3. Zachary Taylor, 491 Days
In Office: March 4, 1849—July 9, 1850
在位：1849年3月4日——1850年7月9日
Died in his first term. Did not take the oath of office until March 5, 1849, because March 4th fell on a Sunday and Taylor declined to take the oath on Sunday because of his religious beliefs. The slavery issue dominated Taylor's short term. Although he owned slaves, he took a moderate stance on the territorial expansion of slavery, angering fellow Southerners. Taylor urged settlers in New Mexico and California to draft constitutions and apply for statehood, bypassing the territorial stage. New Mexico was too small to act but California — which had high population growth from the gold rush — wrote a constitution that did not allow slavery; it was approved by the voters and a new state government took over in December 1849 without Congressional approval.
Taylor在他的任期内去世。Taylor直到1849年3月5日才宣誓就职，因为他的宗教信仰，他拒绝在周日（3月4日）进行宣誓。在Taylor不长的任期内，奴隶问题一直干扰着他。虽然他自己也有奴隶，但是他对奴隶土地扩张始终保持中立姿态，惹恼了南方人。Taylor敦促新墨西哥和加利福尼亚起草宪法，并进行运用，越过领土问题。新墨西哥太小以至于无法执行，但是加州--因淘金热造成人口密集--撰写了一份不允许使用奴隶的宪法；1849年12月，该宪法由投票人选举通过，无需国会批准，由新的州立政府接管。
