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America's biggest banks would lose $490 billion -- most of that due to bad loans -- over the next nine quarters in a worst-case scenario devised by the Federal Reserve.
美国最大的银行们可能会损失4900亿美元——主要原因是糟糕的债务——这是美联储对接下来九个季度最糟糕的预测。
Thankfully, the Fed does not expect that scary scenario to happen. But in an effort to prevent a repeat of the 2008 financial crisis, the Fed is putting the big banks through stress tests.
幸运的是，美联储并不希望这个糟糕的情况出现。但为了避免2008年金融危机重现，美联储正在对大型银行进行压力测试。
As jarring as the latest stress test results sound, the Fed said Thursday that banks deserve a lot of credit for boosting their capital levels and improving their financial health since the last crisis.
与压力测试最终结果同样引人注目的是，美联储周四说，自上次危机后，银行努力提升了它们的资本金级别，并加强了自身的财务健康程度，值得赞扬。
The Fed tested 31 big banks (including U.S. subsidiaries of large foreign banks) for several severe hypo thetical economic scenarios.
美联储测试了31个大型银行（包括大型国际银行在美国的分行）在几种严重假想经济状态下的表现。
In the Fed's most adverse case, which calls for an unemployment rate reaching 10%, home prices falling 2 5% and stock prices plunging 60%, the average tier 1 common capital ratio for these banks (one of the Fee •s metrics of bank health) would be 8.1% — significantly above the 5.5% level that they had in early 2009.
在美联储假定的最严重的状况下(包括失业率达到10% ,房价下跌25%，股票价格下跌60%)，银行的平均资本率(美联储的一种银行健康指标)应该在8.1%;值得注意的是，2009年早期,资本率只略高于5.5%的。
"The largest U.S.-based bank holding companies continue to build their capital levels and to strengthen their ability to lend to households and businesses during a period marked by severe recession and financial market volatility," the Fed said in a statement.
美联储在陈述中写道，"最大的美国银行控制的公司们继续提升它们的资本金级别，强化它们在这个被标记为严重衰退和金融市场灾难的时代提供家庭和商业贷款的能力。"
Unsurprisingly, the lion's share of the loan losses would likely fall to the nation's four largest consumer banks: Bank of America (BAC), Citigroup (C), JPMorgan Chase (JPM) and Wells Fargo (WFC).
不出意外的话，贷款损失最大的可能就是这四个国家最大的消费银行：美国银行（BAC），花旗银行（C），摩根大通（JPM）和富国银行（WFC）。
But all 31 banks did well on the stress test, which calls for banks to have a minimum capital ratio of 5% in the event that the bottom completely fell out of the job, housing and stock markets.
但是，所有31家银行都在压力测试中表现良好，测试要求银行在就业，房屋和股票业务达到底部时，也能达到5%的资本率。
Regional bank Zions (ZION), which was the only bank to fall below this threshold test last year, topped it this time around ... albeit barely. It had a capital ratio of 5.1%.
Regional bank Zions (ZION)，去年唯一一个没有通过测试的银行，也通过了测试，虽然是勉强通过，它的资本率为5.1%。
The bank with the highest capital ratio was the U.S. trust subsidiary of Germany's Deutsche Bank (DB). However, a Fed official noted in a conference call that the Fed only stress tested a small portion of Deutsche's overall U.S. operations.
拥有最高资本率的银行是德意志银行（DB）的美国分行。然而，一名美联储官员在一场会议中解释道，美联储的压力测试只包括德意志银行的部分业务。
Next hurdle: This is the first of two rounds of stress tests. Next week, the Fed will indicate whether or not it approves of plans by the big banks to raise dividends and buy back stock.
下一个测试：这只是两轮压力测试的第一轮。下周，美联储将确定是否允许大型银行提高股息红利或回购股票。
That's the part of the test that Wall Street will be watching intently.
这才是这次测试中华尔街专注的部分。
Keep an eye on Citigroup. Citi failed this second test last year and was not allowed to raise its divide nd as a result. Citi pays a dividend of just 4 cents a year.
注意下花旗银行。花旗去年没有通过第二轮测试,于是,被禁止提高股息红利。花旗每股每年仅支付4美分。
Thursday's results appear to bode well for Citigroup. Its minimum capital ratio was 8.2% — above the le vels for BofA, JP Morgan Chase and Wells Fargo as well as Wall Street giants Goldman Sachs (GS) and Mon n Stanley (MS).
周四的结果对花旗银行来说是个好兆头。它的最低为8.2%;超过美国银行,摩根大通银行和富国银行，也超过了华尔街巨头高盛集团和摩根士丹利。
Several Wall Street analysts predicted before the tests that Citi should get the green light for a dividend hike and stock buyback program this year. If it doesn't, that could lead to questions about the job security of Citi CEO Michael Corbat.
在测试前，一些华尔街分析家预测，花旗今年将被允许提高股息和回购股票。如果没有做到，花旗银行CEO迈克尔科尔巴的饭碗可就难保了。
