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Confucius(551 B. C.~479 B. C.), born at Zouyi (south-east of the present Qufu, Shandong Province), whose given name was Qiu and courtesy name Zhongni, was the founder of Confucianism.
孔子(公元前551年~公元前479年)，名丘，字仲尼，鲁国陬邑(今山东曲阜东南)人，孺家创始人，被后世尊称为“圣人”。
As one of the greatest thinkers and educators in the history of China, Confucius' legacy lies in the following three aspects.
作为中国历史上伟大的思想家与教育家，孔子的贡献主要体现在三个方面。
Firstly, he compiled and preserved literary works of three generations. The six documents (The Six Classics) under his compilation, including Shi (The Book of Songs), Shu (Collection of Ancient Texts), Li (The Rites ), Yue (The Music), Yi (I Ching, or The Book of Changes), and Chun Qiu (The Spring and Autumn Annuals), are considered as the classics of Confucianism. This accomplishment makes an enormous impact on the succession and development of the traditional Chinese culture.
第一，对三代文化的整理与保存。他整理了《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《乐》、《易》、《春秋》6部文献，被后代奉为儒家经典，合称“六经”，为传统文化的继承与发展作出了巨大贡献。
Secondly, Confucius established a system of philosophical thoughts with "ren"(benevolence) as its fundamental virtue. This virtue is the central theme of his Analecrs.
第二，建立了一套以“仁”为核心的思想体系，这集中体现在记录他一生言行的《论语》一书中。
As a moral and ethical system, ren focuses on human love that is hierarchical and differentiated.
“仁”是一种道德境界与伦理体系，核心内容是提倡一种多层次、有差别的人类之爱。
Thus Confucius created his version of humanism.
孔子的“仁”是对“人”的发现，自他开始，人们才把“仁”由外在规范转化为一种内在自觉。
Based on ren, Confucius objected to the fantastic powers that confused the human spirit. He took a skeptical and indifferent attitude toward religion and further developed his humanistic ideas.
以“仁”为基础，孔子反对“怪力乱神”，对天命鬼神采取了怀疑和冷漠的态度，由天命神学转到了人本思想，并进一步发展了民本主义思想。
Confucius' concept of li refers to a set of ritual and musical systems, with the hierarchical system as its core.
孔子也讲“礼”，礼是礼乐制度，核心内容是等级制度。
Ren and li are complementary: Ii is the exterior principle of ren while ren is li's intrinsic guiding power. To accomplish ren, one must abide by li, while ren will be naturally generated in the process of practicing li.
礼与仁互为表里，礼是仁的外在规则，仁是礼的内在指导因素。要达到仁，必先合乎礼，在反复实践礼的过程中自然会产生仁。
Fundamentally, the purpose of Confucius' li is to restore the traditional rifles of the Zhou Dynasty.
孔子讲“仁”的根本目的是维护与恢复周礼。
Thirdly, Confucius established private schools and founded a systematic educational framework.
第三，兴办私学，创立了科学的教育思想体系。
He maintained the idea that everyone has the right to be educated despite class differences. In teaching practice, Confucius adopted flexible teaching methods which involve the combinations of learning and thinking, learning and reviewing as well as teaching and learning. He strived for educating students in accordance with their aptitude and adopted a heuristic style of teaching.
孔子提出“有教无类”，认为人人都应该受教育。在教育实践中创立了灵活多样的教学方法，提倡“学”与“思”的结合、学习与复习的结合以及教与学的结合，讲求因材施教和启发式教学等等。
These philosophical thoughts are still valuable in application today.
这些思想，直到今天还有其现实意义。
