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5.Burns
5.晒伤烧伤
Burns are rampant in the summer months. However, grilling and sunburns are not the only ways people end up burned. Every summer, around 10,000 Americans are injured by fireworks. (Half of these incidents occur just within the first week of July.)
夏天，灼伤日益常见。BBQ、太阳暴晒可不是你灼伤的唯一因素。每年夏天，大概有一万美国人会被烟花烧伤（其中半数事件发生在七月的第一周之内）。
Sunburn is the silent killer. Although it rarely results in hospitalization, the lasting impacts are becoming increasingly apparent to researchers. Those who suffer from numerous sunburns as kids and young adults are at greater risk of skin cancer later in life. Sunburn can also cause more immediate side effects like heatstroke, dehydration, sun poisoning, fainting, and even seizures in extreme cases.
日晒是无声杀手。尽管很少有人因晒太阳就医，但研究表明，过度日晒的长期影响越来越明显。那些早年经常晒伤的人晚年时期得皮肤癌得风险就要高得多。晒伤也可引起更为直接的副作用，如中暑，脱水，日光中毒，昏厥，甚至导致癫痫发作。
4.Water Dangers
4.溺水危险
Water incidents are an inevitable factor when the weather gets warmer. Beaches and pools are at capacity, with children and adults sharing an equal love for the water. It's a summer staple for most.
溺水事故在夏天在再常见不过。海滩和游泳馆都能让儿童和成人享受水。游泳可是夏季娱乐餐桌上的主食。
Drowning would be a gruesome way to die. In fact, it is the third-leading cause of unintentional death. The CDC estimates that about one in five people who die from drowning are under age 14.
可溺亡是很痛苦的死法。事实上，溺亡是世界上第三大死因。美国国家疾病防疫中心声称，死于溺水的人有五分之一是14岁以下的儿童。
That leads one to think that those deaths could have been prevented with proper supervision or even swim instruction. Swim lessons can prove effective for many and are strongly recommended for those who live by or are planning on traveling to an area with water. Life jackets for youngsters can also save lives.
这让人不禁思考，如果有预先防范措施和设备，这些人可能不会丧命。游泳课程给很多人提供了有用的生存技能——尤其是那些在近水处居住的或旅游的人。救生衣也会在关键时刻救你一命。
There are other ways in which people find themselves in dangerous situations involving water. Having a drink by the pool can be harmless at times. But there is no doubt that it can impair one's senses to a point that swimming is nearly impossible. Rip currents are also dangerous as they can appear in seconds and snatch a small child right off the sand.
但是也有其他让你陷入溺水危险的情况。有时在水中喝几口水可能没有危险，但是这会让你忽视你不会游泳的危险进而盲目划水，导致危险。激流也非常危险，因为它会在几秒钟内出现然后卷走一个正在沙滩上玩耍的孩子。
What hides under the water's surface can also threaten the lives and health of swimmers. Bacteria grow faster in the summer months and often can be found in both natural and man-made bodies of water.
水里含有的东西也时常威胁游泳者的健康甚至性命。在夏季细菌会加速繁殖，在天然水域以及人工水池中均是这样。
Naegleria fowleri is a commonly used example. This is a brain-eating amoeba that lives in lakes. Red tide is something to which most beachgoers are accustomed. This is when the bacteria levels reach a certain threshold and cities are forced to shut down their beaches to keep citizens safe.
举例说，福氏耐格里阿米巴原虫是一种生长于湖水中的食脑变形原虫。赤潮对于海滩常客来说也已经司空见惯了。因为水中细菌达到一定水平，政府不得不关闭海滩来保护游客的安全。
The rising bacteria levels are due to an increase in heat that causes an abundance of algal blooms. Red tide causes a toxic cycle that can cause serious illness in humans and kill water life.
持续高温导致水体中藻类和细菌大量繁殖，而后产生的赤潮现象更会导致恶性循环，也会导致人类疾病并威胁水中其他生物。
3.Violent Crime
3.暴力犯罪
Although summer makes most people feel warm and fuzzy, others experience deadly urges. Homicides and violent crimes rise with the temperature. In a study conducted by the University of Albany, it was found that these crimes have a seasonal pattern, peaking in the summer.
虽然夏天让人感到温暖和舒服，但也会有人产生致命的念头。谋杀和暴力犯罪随温度上升。在奥尔巴尼大学进行的一项研究中，发现这些罪行的季节性犯罪率在夏季达到顶峰。
The leading professor who oversaw the study offered two possible explanations: temperature aggression theory and opportunity theory. According to temperature aggression theory, people get angry (too angry) when temperatures rise.
指导研究的主教授提出了两种可能的解释：温度侵略理论和机会理论。
However, opportunity theory (aka stranger danger) states that people, with the tendency to be out and about more in the summer, have a greater chance of meeting strangers. Whether these theories are valid or not, one thing is apparent: Crime rates are notably higher in the summer.
温度侵略理论是说当温度升高时，人们更容易变得暴躁、易怒，进而发生暴力事件。而机会理论（亦叫陌生人风险）则是说，夏季人们外出时间增加，遇见的陌生人增加，受到伤害的几率也就随之增加。无论这些理论是否可信，一件事时显而易见的：夏季犯罪率非常高。
2.Food
2.食品安全
Grilling, picnicking, trying new exotic meals—it's no wonder there are more instances of food poisoning and other food-borne illnesses when summer rolls around. When interviewed, a senior food safety associate from Penn State University stated that the number of E. coli cases clearly rises in the summer.
烧烤，野餐，尝试异国风情——这也难怪当夏天来临的时候，更多的人食物中毒或着得其他食源性疾病。采访时，宾州州立大学的高级食品安全人员表示，大肠杆菌病例数量在夏季明显上升。
Salmonella instances also see an increase during the summer (not just from eating raw cookie dough). The US Department of Agriculture states two reasons for this seemingly sudden growth in summer. First, bacteria grow faster in the heat as they need moisture to flourish. Second, people are outside more.
沙门氏菌性感冒在夏天也会增加（不仅仅是因为吃生饼干面团）。美国农业部对此事做出两种解释：首先，细菌在夏季生长得更快，因为它们需要水分才能繁殖。第二，人们会在外面呆上更长的时间。
Most don't think that any harm will come from cooking outside, but added precautions should be taken when doing so. Make sure that the cooking area is cleaned correctly and use proper refrigeration. Undercooking meat can also make food unsafe for consumption.
大多数人认为在外做餐不会有什么事，但在这样做时应加强预防措施，如确保烹饪区域清洁并使用适当的冷藏工具。未熟食物也是不安全的。
1.Animals Gone Wild
1.狂野动物
Animal attacks and injuries skyrocket in the summer months. Most reported attacks are not from bears or sharks but from more commonly encountered mammals.
在夏季，动物的袭击和伤人事件激增。大多数报告表明这些攻击不是来自熊或鲨鱼，而是来自更常见的哺乳动物。
The CDC notes that 36 percent of all animal-related deaths were caused by what they categorize as "other mammals." This is a collection of cows and other farm animals grouped together to make statistics easier. Dog bites also rise in the summer for some unknown reason. We could speculate that it is due to more time spent outside or children being out of school, but there is no definite answer.
美国疾病预防中心指出，所有与动物有关的伤人事件中有36％是由他们归类为“其他哺乳动物”的动物造成的。这其中包括牛等农产牲畜的目的是使统计出数据更容易。夏天狗狗咬人的数量也莫名上升。我们推测，这是可能是因为人们经常呆在外面或孩子们放假有更多的时间，但答案并不明确。
Snakes bite around 7,000–8,000 people annually. (Fortunately, only around six people die as a result.) Although arguably scarier, bears claim even fewer lives. On average, three people die per year from being attacked by bears. Attack statistics are hard to come by, but the thought of encountering a bear is enough to keep most people away from the woods.
蛇每年会咬七八千人（幸运的是，最后只有约六人死亡）。虽然可以说遇到熊是挺可怕的，但熊杀死的人也不多。平均来说，每年只有三人死于熊的袭击。尽管熊袭击人的事件很难统计，但怕遇到熊的想法足以使大多数人离森林远远的。
For many, the phobia of bees is justified when looking at the CDC's account of bee fatalities from 1999 to 2013. The data shows that over 800 people were killed by bees during that period.
当看到CDC统计的从1999年到2013年因蜜蜂而死亡的人数时，我们对蜜蜂的认识可能要改变了。数据显示，每年有超过800人被蜜蜂蛰伤后死亡。
Every hot spot destination and tourist attraction seems to house some dangerous wild animals. The beach has long been a popular place for tourists. Even though the numbers are relatively weak, shark attacks do still happen.
每个热门地点或旅游景点总会藏有一些危险的野生动物。海滩一直是游客的热门地点。即使数量相对较少，鲨鱼攻击还是在发生。
National Geographic states that 93 percent of shark attacks have been on males, mainly surfers. In recent years, 2010 was the deadliest for shark attacks worldwide with 79 attacks reported.
国家地理局称93％被鲨鱼袭击的人是男性，主要是冲浪者。近年来，2010年是全世界鲨鱼袭击次数最多的一年，共有79次袭击。
