Food waste is becoming an increasingly prominent and pressing issue. Solutions range from restaurants devising creative dishes from food scraps to delivery services bringing "ugly" fruit and veggies, largely unwanted by supermarkets, right to your door. Even so, we still produce some level of personal food waste and the compost heap is often the best place for it.
餐厨垃圾正成为一个越来越突出和急迫的问题。针对这一问题，有的餐馆推出了边角料创意菜，有的外卖则为超市嫌弃的“丑”果蔬提供送货上门服务。尽管如此，家中的厨余垃圾还是无法完全避免，而家庭堆肥堆常常是它们最好的归宿。
During the decomposition process, the compost heap produces a considerable amount of heat, reaching around 66–82 degrees Celsius (150–180 degrees Fahrenheit). From culinary feats to matters of green energy, people have come up with imaginative ways to make the most of the heat from their compost heaps.
在腐败过程中，堆肥堆会产生大量的热，达到约66-82摄氏度。从烹饪到绿色能源，人们想出了各种创意利用这些热量。
We know that compost enriches our soil, but here are some other ways it can enrich our lives. So kick back, brew yourself a cuppa compost tea (don't), and enjoy the ingenuity of some of our compost pioneers.
我们都知道堆肥能滋养土地，其实它还能丰富我们的生活。所以放松一下，倒一杯自酿堆肥茶（误），来欣赏堆肥先锋们的聪明才智吧。
10．Make Your Own Dairy Products
10．自制奶酪
In 1980, Jim McClarin had a breakthrough moment and compost cookery was born. Writing in Mother Earth News, McClarin described how he left his yogurt pail in his compost pile to keep it warm. The next morning, he discovered that the heat produced by the compost had been higher than expected and a cheese curd had formed instead.
1980年，吉姆·麦克拉林取得突破，于是堆肥烹饪诞生了。《大地母亲新闻》一书中，麦克拉林说他把酸奶桶放在堆肥堆中保温。翌日，他发现堆肥堆的热量比预期的高，于是酸奶做成了干酪凝块。
Cheese and compost find common ground in their aromatic qualities. Sadly, McClarin did not elaborate any further on the compost-driven cheese-making process. Instead, he experimented with temperatures at different depths in his compost mound. He dug around to find the perfect temperature zone for compost yogurt, which became a regular part of his diet from then on.
奶酪和堆肥的风味有共通之处。可惜麦克拉林没有继续开发堆肥奶酪，却转而研究堆肥堆不同深度的温度。他到处挖洞，寻找制作堆肥酸奶的最佳区域，而产品从此就成了他日常菜单的一部分。
9．煮鸡蛋
According to the "half-buried mental note" of compost cookery trailblazer Jim McClarin, cooking eggs in compost may be an ancient Chinese practice. At this stage, though, the technique is untested enough to merit safety warnings. So we don't recommend that you do it. But if you decide to try this at home anyway, wrap your food tightly and eat it with care. After all, this is cookery among a cocktail of decaying plants, food, and possibly manure.
堆肥烹饪鼻祖麦克拉林的“半掩心理导图”说，用堆肥煮鸡蛋可能是中国古代的一种做法。不过，这项技术目前未经足够测试，所以安全方面不可掉以轻心。如果你无论如何都要回家试试，请把食物裹紧，吃的时候也千万小心。毕竟这是腐烂植物、食物、也许还有肥料的大杂烩中的烹饪。
Unlike in the kitchen, cooking an egg in compost is a slow, inaccurate procedure. Those who have tried it report cooking times ranging from 1 to 24 hours. McClarin suggests that you put your eggs in before bed so they'll be ready for your breakfast the next morning. Ultimately, the process depends on the heat of your heap, which can fluctuate massively depending on what has been put on it and when. Compost cooking may be efficient in terms of energy use, but time is another matter.
与在厨房不同，堆肥煮鸡蛋又慢又不精确。试过的人少的用了1小时，多的用了一整天。麦克拉林建议睡前埋鸡蛋，这样第二天就可以当早点了。最终，用时多少取决于堆肥堆产生的热量，会因为何时堆了什么波动很大。堆肥烹饪可以有效利用能源，但用时就是另一码事了。
Although McClarin wrapped his egg in a plastic bag, others have just put the egg straight in. Personal experience here suggests that an egg wrapped in one layer of foil and tied up in a sandwich bag is still not enough. My egg looked beautiful, even silky. The yolk was the finest golden yellow. But the smell was too much to bear. In the end, all that I produced was a nice photograph.
麦克拉林用塑料袋包裹鸡蛋，但很多人直接把鸡蛋放进堆肥堆。个人经验在此表明，用箔和三明治袋一起包鸡蛋都不够。我的鸡蛋很好看，甚至很柔滑，蛋黄也是完美的金黄色。但是味道太冲，不能忍。最后，我得到的就是一张朋友圈照片。
8．烤蛋糕
A class of homeschooled children in Massachusetts successfully baked a lava cake in a mound of compost. It took roughly a day. As we consider the diverse potential of the emerging art of compost cookery, this brings us hope.
马萨诸塞州一群在家上课的孩子成功地用堆肥堆烤了一块熔岩蛋糕，花了大概一天。当我们思考新兴堆肥烹饪的多样潜力时，这件事带来了希望。
Not to take anything away from the kids here, but we should bear in mind that they did have access to a 6-meter (20 ft) compost pile. The cake itself was buried 0.6 meters (2 ft) deep. Overall, a 6-meter (20 ft) mound of compost is bound to produce and retain significantly more heat than most of us are likely to get in our own personal heaps.
不是指摘这些孩子，但我们要记住，他们确实动用了一个6米高的堆肥堆。蛋糕埋了0.6米深。总的来说，6米堆肥堆产生和保留的热量，必然比大多数家庭堆肥堆要多得多。
7．美食烹饪
For years, the staff at the Highfields Center for Composting had tentatively experimented with heating cans of soup in their compost piles. But it took professional chef Suzanne Podhaizer of the former restaurant Salt to take this to the next level.
海菲尔德堆肥中心的工作人员尝试了很多年，用堆肥堆加热罐头汤。原餐馆Salt的专业厨师苏珊娜则把它带到了一个新高度。
Podhaizer successfully compost-cooked a branzino-and-scallop dish, served on a bed of well-cooked (though slightly squashed) rice. The resulting meal was described as "thoroughly cooked, earthy, and satisfying."
苏珊娜用堆肥成功烹制了意大利鲈鱼扇贝盖浇饭（虽然有点压扁了），这道菜被描述为“熟透、质朴、令人满意”。
Podhaizer made use of the center's compost heap—or "worm parlor"—where the restaurant regularly sent their food scraps. They also used the compost to fertilize the plants in their kitchen garden. Here's the beauty of Podhaizer's dish: It was cooked with energy that was partially from Salt's own leftovers, and then leftovers from her scallop dish were fed back into the system.
苏珊娜利用了中心的堆肥堆，又叫“蠕虫客厅”，是餐馆定期倒垃圾的地方。他们也用堆肥给厨房的花园施肥。这就是苏珊娜扇贝菜的艺术：烹饪用的能量部分来自于餐馆自己的厨余，扇贝菜的边角料又返回该能量系统。
Again, McClarin's influence can be felt here. As his technique developed, he was able to cook full roast beef meals as well as duck with orange and apricot, served over a red wine and wild plum sauce. He never succeeded in cooking soft pinto beans, though.
这里再次体现了麦克拉林的影响力。随着技术的发展，他已经可以烹制完整的烤牛肉饭，以及放在红酒和野梅汁上的橙子杏子鸭了。不过，他从没做成过软菜豆。
6．A High-End Compost Restaurant
6．高端堆肥餐厅
New York has been exploring a range of food waste initiatives and is undergoing what has been termed a composting "revolution." The city's department of sanitation has introduced a number of composting sites near subway stations as well as looked into the logistics of asking all restaurants and businesses to compost their food waste.
纽约一直在探索餐厨垃圾的解决之道，现在正经历所谓的堆肥“革命”。该市卫生部门在地铁站附近设立了一些堆肥点，并研究了让所有餐馆和商店把餐厨垃圾用来堆肥的物流。
According to Bon Appetit in 2013, a big New York restaurant took this one step further, planning to cook its dishes in the heat produced by composting. It remains unclear whether the restaurant succeeded. Due to legal reasons, presumably surrounding the sale of food cooked in compost, the restaurant was unable to be named.
根据2013年的美国美食杂志Bon Appetit，纽约一家大餐厅更进一步，准备用堆肥产生的热量做菜。餐厅成功与否还不得而知。由于法律限制，大概是关于销售在堆肥中烹制的食物，无法透露餐厅的名字。
While it appears that the high-end compost restaurant never got off the ground, Bon Appetit pointed out that the temperature at the heart of a compost heap can be higher than a sous vide bath. Although there are obvious differences between a countertop water bath and a compost heap, it clearly has intriguing potential for high-end sustainable cuisine.
这家高端堆肥餐厅的计划似乎从未实施，不过Bon Appetit指出，堆肥堆中心的温度可以超过真空低温烹调法。虽然堆肥堆和工作台的水浴锅完全不同，但它显然具有可持续高端烹饪的迷人潜力。
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