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5.Henri-Georges Clouzot
5.亨利—乔治·克鲁佐
Henri-Georges Clouzot was a groundbreaking French director known for his thrilling, Hitchcock-esque dramas like 1953's The Wages of Fear and 1955's Les Diaboliques. His films were no-nonsense, and likewise, his treatment of actors involved little humor. Like Werner Herzog, Clouzot often strove for realism in his films. For example, in Les Diaboliques, when students were supposed to be eating rotten fish, they were instructed to eat actual rotten fish .
亨利—乔治·克鲁佐是一位具有开创性的法国导演，因希区柯克式惊险片而闻名，代表作有1953年《恐惧的代价》和1955年《恶魔》。他的电影非常严肃，同样，他对待演员的态度也很严肃。和沃纳·赫尔佐格一样，克鲁佐的电影追求现实主义。比如在电影《恶魔》中，学生们需要吃腐烂的鱼，克鲁佐就要求演员真的吃腐烂的鱼。
Suzy Delair and Clouzot were a couple for 12 years, and the actress later starred in two of his films. Remarking on Clouzot's manipulation of actors, Delair said, "So what? He slapped others as well. (... ) He was tough, but I'm not about to complain." Clouzot repeatedly slapped around cast members to alter their emotional state and gave Bernard Blier a real blood transfusion in Quai des Orfevres, but perhaps the worst was his treatment of actress Brigitte Bardot on the set of his 1960 film, La Verite.
苏希·德莱尔嫁给克鲁佐约12年，这位女演员主演过他的两部电影。德莱尔在评论克鲁佐对演员的控制时说：“那又怎样？他还扇别人耳光呢……他很严格，但是我不会抱怨他的。”克鲁佐曾反复扇演员耳光，以改变他们的情绪。拍摄《贫贱夫妻百事哀》时，他真的给贝尔纳·布里耶输血，不过被他折磨得最狠的是女演员碧姬·芭铎。
The two clashed significantly, especially after a scene where Clouzot plied Bardot with alcohol and had her consume numerous sleeping pills, only to get her stomach pumped shortly after filming the scene. At one point, Clouzot was so fed up that he shook her by the shoulders, screaming, "I don't need amateurs in my films. I want an actress!" Bardot responded with a slap and the reply, "And I need a director, not a psychopath!"
当时在拍1960《真相》，克鲁佐让芭铎喝了很多酒还服用了大量安眠药，只为了给她洗胃，这就引起了两人的冲突。当时克鲁佐非常厌烦，他摇了摇她的肩膀，叫道：“我的电影里不要业余的，我要的是一个演员！”芭铎回敬了一个耳光：“我要的是一个导演，不是一个精神病！”
Most of Clouzot's treatment of actors also stemmed from pessimism, something he tried to portray in films by revealing the subtler evils of humanity, which he learned from spending five years in a sanatorium for tuberculosis. Clouzot was a mentally tortured soul later in his life, but his actors were the ones physically tortured.
克鲁佐对演员的态度也源于他的悲观主义，他在电影里揭示人性微妙的邪恶，以体现悲观主义，而这都是他在肺结核疗养院度过的五年里亲身体会到的，之后克鲁佐承受着精神上的折磨，而他的演员们，承受着身体上的折磨。
4.Alfred Hitchcock
4.阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克
Cinema's master of suspense is notable for his films as well as his eccentric personality and iconic image. And while most of his movies were successful and certainly thrilling, his famous remark that "actors should be treated like cattle" outlines the mentality he held for his stars.
悬疑大师出名的不仅是他的电影，还有他古怪的性格和标志性的形象。虽然他的大部分电影都很成功，都很扣人心弦，但是他有句名言——“应该像对待牛那样对待演员”，这概括了他对演员所持有的态度。
His first of many recorded instances of actor abuse occurred on the set of his 1935 film, The 39 Steps. He would announce lead actress Madeline Carroll's presence on-set by yelling, "Bring on the Birmingham tart!" and would leave her handcuffed to her costar for hours on end, claiming to have lost the key (an act that caused bruises). Other times, when he wanted a sincere reaction of surprise or shock, Hitchcock would undo his belt as if he was going to expose himself to the actress.
根据记录，他多次虐待演员的罪行可追溯到他1935年的电影《三十九级台阶》。他会在片场大声侮辱女主角玛德琳·卡罗尔为“伯明翰小妞（tart，另有妓女之意）”，还让她的搭档给她戴上手铐，几个小时之后拍完了，他又说钥匙丢了，造成了卡罗尔手腕的瘀伤。还有几次，他为了获取卡罗尔惊喜或震惊的真实反应，就松开腰带，装作要向她展露自己的某部位。
This wasn't an isolated incident, however, and many of Hitchcock's cruelties resulted from his notorious penchant for blonde female leads. He took pleasure in agitating his actresses with crude sexual jokes, even going as far as making up a story about sleeping with Ingrid Bergman and having actress Janet Leigh filmed in the shower for a six-day shooting period for 1960's Psycho.
这可不是特殊事件，希区柯克的许多暴行都源于他对金发女主演的“情有独钟”。他以讲粗俗的黄色笑话骚扰女演员为乐，甚至编故事说他睡过英格丽·褒曼，还在1960《惊魂记》拍摄过程中让珍妮特·利在淋浴间里待了六天。
But by far, the worst was his treatment of lead Tippi Hedren while shooting 1963's The Birds. Like many of his prior leads, Hedren was a blonde whom Hitchcock became infatuated with. After she refused some of his advances, Hitchcock had live birds attached to Hedren instead of mechanical ones for the shooting of a scene, which ultimately required her to be hospitalized.
到目前为止，他执导过程中最惨的女演员是蒂比·海德莉，当时在拍摄1963《群鸟》，海德莉和他之前的女主角一样，金发碧眼，让希区柯克迷恋，但在海德莉拒绝他的求爱之后，他在某个场景里用真鸟去接触海德莉，导致她受伤住院。
Donald Spoto's book Spellbound by Beauty outlined some of the abuse behind the scenes: Hitchcock requested Hedren to be sexually available to him in their contract and practically ruined her career by turning down numerous film roles on her behalf as per the contract's terms. Regardless, the release of the book and its 2012 HBO adaptation The Girl has at last revealed Hedren's story.
唐纳德·斯伯特在著作《迷魂美人》中概述了幕后希区柯克对海德莉的虐待：希区柯克在合同中要求海德莉满足他的性需求，合同中还有一些不合理的条款，他利用这些条款替海德莉拒绝了许多电影角色，几乎毁了她的事业。这本书的出版，及2012年HBO据此改编的电影《那个女孩》最终揭示了海德莉的故事。
3.Akira Kurosawa
3.黑泽明
Akira Kurosawa is likely most known for his international success with films like Seven Samurai and Yojimbo as well as being one of the best filmmakers in the world. His trademarks seem to be in distinct imagery (like in 1990's Dreams) and the extremity with which he'll operate in every facet of his films.
黑泽明闻名世界主要是因为他的电影，比如《七武士》和《用心棒》，他是全世界最优秀的电影导演之一。他的标志在于独特的意象（如1990《梦》）和极限，这在他电影的每一个方面都有所体现。
It was this mentality that Kurosawa treated lead actor Toshiro Mifune with during the filming of 1961's Throne of Blood. Not satisfied with Mifune's reaction of fear upon nearly getting shot with arrows in one of the later scenes, Kurosawa decided to have real arrows shot at the actor.
这也是黑泽明对男主角三船敏郎的态度，在1961年《蜘蛛巢城》最后某个镜头的拍摄中，黑泽明不满意敏郎对险中箭所表现的恐惧，就决定真的对演员放箭。
Although the arrows were being shot by professional marksmen, there was still the risk of injury if Mifune moved an inch, and the experience proved a haunting experience for the actor. However, it certainly got the display of fear across.
虽然箭是由专业射手射出的，但如果敏郎稍微动一下，就可能受伤，这对他来说真是段难忘的经历，当然最后也达到了黑泽明所要的恐惧。
2.Stanley Kubrick
2.斯坦利·库布里克
This director's reputation as an absolute perfectionist and contributor to the art form precedes him. Stanley Kubrick would often film upwards of 50 takes for a particular scene to get the absolute best version and to allow actors to not consciously think about their acting. As one can imagine, this method proved strenuous on some people he worked with.
这位导演是一个绝对的完美主义者，为先于他的艺术形式作出了巨大贡献。斯坦利·库布里克常常会为某个特定的场景拍50多条，以达到最好的效果，他让演员不要有意识地思考自己的表演，可以想象这种方法让那些与他共事的人感到有多费力。
The filming of 1980's The Shining was particularly tumultuous, with Kubrick pushing his actors to the limit with numerous methodical shoots. Shelley Duvall constantly butted heads with Kubrick and was emotionally exhausted from 12-hour shoots and being away from family for a year. Scatman Crothers also suffered under Kubrick, reportedly breaking down in front of the director crying and later vowing to never work with him again. Behind-the-scenes footage was recorded by Kubrick's 19-year-old daughter, and the extent to which the actors were worked is explicitly shown with Jack Nicholson's manic personality, daily script rewrites, and Duvall losing hair and chain-smoking from the stress.
1980年《闪灵》的拍摄就非常混乱，库布里克用大量井然的拍摄把他的演员逼到极限。舍利·杜瓦尔不断与库布里克产生分歧，12小时无间断的拍摄再加上整整一年没回家，杜瓦尔筋疲力尽，几近崩溃。斯卡曼·克罗瑟斯也遭受过库布里克的折磨，据说他崩溃到在导演面前大哭，并发誓再也不跟他合作。库布里克19岁的女儿记录了这些幕后花絮，记录下了演员工作所达到的程度，比如，杰克·尼科尔森的狂躁性格，每天修改的剧本，还有杜瓦尔因压力太大而严重脱发每天不停抽烟的样子。
Kubrick's methods didn't always prove cruel or fruitless to his actors, however. Many saw the importance of his perfectionism and how it transformed them as actors. Many of his breaks on-set were devoted to talking to the actors about their characters.
但是对演员来说，库布里克的方法有时候并不是那么残忍，并且会创造出很好的效果。许多人都看到了他完美主义的重要性，这帮助他们得到改变，成为真正的演员。库布里克在片场的大多数休息时间都是在和演员讨论他们的角色。
1.David O. Russell
1.大卫·欧·拉塞尔
Besides being known for several Academy Award nominations for films like 2010's The Fighter or 2013's American Hustle, David O. Russell is likely best-known for his poor temperament with some of his actors.
大卫·欧·拉塞尔的电影多次获得奥斯卡奖提名比如2010年的《斗士》和2013年的《美国骗局》，但是他的脾气真的很臭。
Actor George Clooney and Russell notoriously didn't get along, having worked together on both ER and 1999's Three Kings. Their feud escalated into a physical confrontation on the set of the latter, when Clooney objected to Russell yelling at a crew member, telling him, "David, it's a big day. But you can't shove, push, or humiliate people who aren't allowed to defend themselves." Russell then instigated with several headbutts, after which Clooney grabbed him by the throat, resulting in a fight so bad that Clooney referred to it as the worst experience of his life.
大家都知道演员乔治·克鲁尼和拉塞尔不和，他们曾合作过《急诊室的故事》和1999年的《夺金三王》，后来他们还动手打了一架，当时克鲁尼觉得拉塞尔不应该对工作人员大喊大叫，跟他说：“大卫，今天是个大日子，你不可以推搡或羞辱他们。”然后拉塞尔故意用头撞了克鲁尼几下，克鲁尼就掐住了他的喉咙，然后两人就打了起来，后来克鲁尼说那是他一生中最糟糕的经历。
Perhaps one of the more infamous examples of director-actor confrontations was in Russell's arguments on the set of 2004's I Heart Huckabees with actress Lily Tomlin. Videos of the heated confrontations were leaked onto YouTube and are shocking, to say the least, with actress and director hurling numerous obscenities at each other.
拉塞尔与女演员莉莉·汤普琳之间的故事可能更出名，当时他们在拍2004《我爱哈克比》，有人把他俩吵架的视频发到了YouTube上，视频里他俩用各种污言秽语辱骂对方，引起了轩然大波。
Although Tomlin revealed she quickly made up with the director, new rumors, like Russell getting into heated arguments with Jennifer Lawrence while filming Joy, don't sound too hard to believe.
虽然后来汤普琳说他们很快就和好了，但是拉塞尔又被爆出在拍摄《奋斗的乔伊》时与詹妮弗·劳伦斯吵架，吃瓜群众自然屡见不鲜了。
