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WASHINGTON — The Trump administration is considering executive action to further restrict the sale of Chinese telecommunications equipment in the United States, people briefed on the discussions said, in a move that could ratchet up tensions between China and the United States as the countries vie for technological dominance.
华盛顿——特朗普政府正在考虑采取行政手段进一步限制中国电信设备在美国的销售，知情人士表示，此举可能会加剧中美之间的紧张局势，目前两国正在为争夺技术统治地位展开竞争。
The executive order, which could be released within days, is expected to raise the barrier for government agencies to buy products from foreign telecom equipment providers like Huawei and ZTE, two of China’s most prominent technology firms. Private government contractors may also be restricted from buying foreign telecom products, which the United States believes may be vulnerable to Chinese espionage or disruption.
该行政命令可能在几天内发布，预计会增加政府机构从外国电信设备供应商购买产品的障碍，比如中国最著名的两家科技公司华为和中兴。私人政府承包商也可能被禁止购买外国电信产品，美国认为这些产品可能容易受到中国谍报或颠覆活动的影响。
The order would follow a series of intensifying actions by the Trump administration to block Chinese technology that is seen as a national security threat. In March, the Federal Communications Commission took action to block broadband companies that receive federal subsidies from buying equipment from suppliers that are deemed a risk to national security. In April, the Commerce Department barred ZTE from purchases of American technology for seven years, saying that the company failed to punish employees who violated United States sanctions.
此前特朗普政府就已采取一系列强化行动，阻止被视为国家安全威胁的中国技术。今年3月，联邦通信委员会采取行动，阻止接受联邦补贴的宽带公司从被认定构成国家安全威胁的供应商那里购买设备。4月份，美国商务部称中兴通讯公司未能惩罚违反美国制裁规定的员工，禁止该公司在未来七年内购买美国技术。
The Trump administration increasingly views national security and emerging technology as intertwined and has used its authority to protect national security as a way to block China from gaining an economic edge, particularly as it relates to that nation’s ambitious industrial policy, known as Made in China 2025. Both nations are racing to claim dominance in cutting-edge technology like autonomous vehicles and the next generation of wireless services, known as 5G.
特朗普政府日益认为国家安全和新兴技术紧密相连，并把它在保护国家安全方面的权力作为阻止中国获得经济优势的一种方式，尤其是在涉及中国野心勃勃的工业计划《中国制造2025》时。两国正在自动驾驶汽车和被称作5G的下一代无线服务等尖端技术领域竞相确立主导地位。
On Wednesday, a spokesman for the Department of Defense said the Pentagon was stopping the sale of phones made by Huawei and ZTE in stores on American military bases around the world because of security concerns.
周三，美国国防部发言人表示，出于安全考虑，五角大楼将停止在位于世界各地的美国军事基地的商店里销售华为和中兴制造的手机。
While the Pentagon cannot stop service members from buying the phones elsewhere, the spokesman, Maj. Dave Eastburn, said in an email that the Defense Department was directing American military personnel to be “mindful of the security risks posed by the use of Huawei devices, regardless of where they are purchased.”
尽管五角大楼无法阻止服役人员从其他地方购买华为和中兴手机，但发言人戴夫·伊斯特本(Dave Eastburn)少校在电子邮件中说，国防部正在指示美国军事人员“注意使用华为设备所构成的安全风险，无论它们是从哪里购买的。”
“Huawei and ZTE devices may pose an unacceptable risk to the department’s personnel, information and mission,“ Major Eastburn said. He cited Senate testimony in February by the director of national intelligence and the heads of the F.B.I., the C.I.A. and other agencies that Americans should not use Huawei products because of potential security risks.
“华为和中兴的设备可能会对国防部的人员、信息和任务构成无法接受的风险，”伊斯特本少校说。他援引美国国家情报总监和联邦调查局(FBI)局长、中情局(CIA)局长及其他情报机构负责人2月在参议院的证词，他们称因潜在的安全风险，美国人不应使用华为产品。
Huawei declined to comment.
华为拒绝置评。
The crackdown on the telecom companies comes as the United States and China trade accusations of unfair policies and threats of tariffs. A delegation of top Trump administration officials, including Steven Mnuchin, the Treasury secretary, arrived in China this week for talks aimed at defusing the tensions.
这两家电信公司遭受打击时，正值美国和中国相互指责对方实施不公平的政策，并威胁要加征关税。本周，一个由财政部长史蒂文·努钦(Steven Mnuchin)等特朗普政府高层官员组成的代表团抵达中国，参加旨在缓和紧张关系的会谈。
The Trump administration has been considering other curbs on China, including investment restrictions and curtailing visas for Chinese nationals who work on sensitive research projects. The White House is also weighing new rules that would add to the goods and services traded with China that are subject to so-called deemed export rules. If such rules go into effect, American companies and universities will be required to obtain special licenses for Chinese researchers who have contact with a broader range of technology — making it harder for Chinese citizens to join in scientific research and product development programs.
特朗普政府一直在考虑对中国采取其他限制措施，包括投资限制和减少向从事敏感研究的中国人发放签证。白宫还在权衡一批新规定。它们将增加对华贸易中受所谓视同出口规定制约的商品和服务。如果这些规定生效，美国的公司和高校会被要求为接触技术范围更广的中国研究人员申请特殊的许可证。这会增加中国公民参加科学研究和产品开发的难度。
People familiar with the discussions cautioned that an executive order that expanded on these actions was still being worked on, and that legal hurdles remained.
知情人士告诫称，详细阐述这些行动的行政命令仍在制定过程中，法律障碍依然存在。
Lindsay E. Walters, the White House deputy press secretary, said the White House had no comment on individual actions. “Protecting critical infrastructure, including the supply chains associated with such infrastructure, is a critical part of protecting America’s national security and public safety,” she added.
白宫副发言人林赛·E·沃尔特斯(Lindsay E. Walters)说，白宫对个人行为不予置评。“保护关键基础设施，包括与这类基础设施相关的供应链，是保护美国国家安全和公共安全的重要部分，”她接着说。
American companies have expressed similar national security concerns about foreign tech companies, but say they’re waiting for details of the order.
美国公司对外国科技公司表达了类似的国家安全担忧，但表示它们正在等候命令的细节。
“Addressing global supply chain security concerns has long been a priority for the tech industry,” said Pamela Walker, vice president at the Information Technology Industry Council, a lobbying group. “Moving forward, we urge policymakers to share information with suppliers and contractors so we can increase the level of security and assurance within the supply chain.”
“应对全球供应链安全问题一向是科技行业的首要任务，”游说团体信息技术产业委员会(Information Technology Industry Council)副会长帕梅拉·沃克(Pamela Walker)说。“今后，我们呼吁政策制定者与供应商和承包商共享信息，这样我们就能提高供应链内部的安全和保障水平。”
