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WASHINGTON — China offered to purchase nearly $70 billion of energy, agricultural and manufactured products from the United States in the first year of a deal that would require the Trump administration to suspend tariffs on Chinese products, a person familiar with the talks said.
华盛顿——据一位知情人士透露，中国提出在协议开始执行的第一年里，向美国购买近700亿美元的能源、农业和制造业产品，该协议要求特朗普政府暂停对中国商品加征关税。
The offer, which came during a meeting this weekend in Beijing between Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross and the Chinese economic adviser Liu He, would go only partway toward President Trump’s initial demand that China reduce its $375.2 billion trade surplus with the United States by $200 billion annually. And it leaves untouched other American requests, including that China allow American companies more access to its markets and end practices that the Trump administration and business executives say force companies to transfer valuable intellectual property.
这个提议是在上周末美国商务部长威尔伯·罗斯(Wilbur Ross)与中国经济顾问刘鹤的北京会晤中提出的。这个数字还不到特朗普总统最初提出的要求的一半。特朗普的要求是中国减少每年3752亿美元的对美顺差中的2000亿美元。此外，它没有涉及美国的其他要求，包括允许美国企业更多地进入中国市场，终止特朗普政府和企业高管们所说的迫使企业转让宝贵的知识产权的做法。
The proposal could fizzle quickly. Chinese officials have said publicly that any agreements would be void if the United States continued with plans to impose tariffs and other restrictions, and American officials have given no indication so far that they intend to halt the tariffs.
这项提议可能很快就会成为泡影。中国官员曾公开表示，如果美国继续实施加征关税等限制措施的计划，那么，任何协议都将无效。到目前为止，美国官员都没有表现出有暂停征收关税的打算。
Sarah Huckabee Sanders, the White House press secretary, would not comment on whether the Chinese proposal would pass muster with Mr. Trump, saying on Tuesday that “we’re in the negotiation process” and that “our focus is to make sure we get good deals.”
白宫新闻发言人萨拉·哈克比·桑德斯(Sarah Huckabee Sanders)不愿就中方的提议是否会得到特朗普的认可发表评论。她周二说，“我们正处在谈判的过程中，”并且“我们的重点是确保我们得到有利的协议”。
The White House has said the levies will go into effect shortly after a list of affected products is published by June 15, and that restrictions on Chinese investment in the United States will follow, shortly after they are announced by June 30.
白宫称会在6月15日之前公布受影响的产品名录，之后关税很快就会生效，并且对中国在美投资的限制也会在6月30日公布之后不久开始执行。
Those plans have led to a bitter turf war within the administration as officials try to reach a deal with China that would allow Mr. Trump to claim victory in a brewing trade dispute.
这些计划导致联邦政府内部出现了一场激烈的地盘之争，因为一些官员试图与中国达成一项协议。这项协议能够让特朗普宣称在一场正在酝酿中的贸易争端中取得了胜利。
Negotiators like Mr. Ross and Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin have pushed China to agree to a package of purchases that would benefit American businesses and forestall the possibility of a trade war between the economies. But that approach has drawn ire from hard-liners like Peter Navarro, a trade adviser, and Robert E. Lighthizer, the top trade negotiator, who argue that the White House needs to hold out for bigger concessions from China in terms of reforming its economy and reducing its trade surplus with the United States.
罗斯和财政部长史蒂文·马努钦(Steven Mnuchin)等谈判代表已敦促中国同意一系列购买计划。它们会让美国企业获益，并预防两大经济体之间爆发贸易战的可能性。但这种方式引起了贸易顾问彼得·纳瓦罗(Peter Navarro)和最高贸易谈判代表罗伯特·E·莱特希泽(Robert E. Lighthizer)等强硬派的愤怒。他们认为，白宫必须坚持要求中国在改革经济和减少对美贸易顺差上做出更大的让步。
The recent round of discussions in Beijing was more narrowly focused on potential Chinese purchases of American products, a goal that has angered some China critics who fear that Mr. Ross and Mr. Mnuchin are sacrificing the bigger concessions by China that many feel are needed. That includes Democrats, who have also pressed Mr. Trump to push China to open its markets and have criticized the president for focusing on the trade deficit at the expense of other goals.
最近在北京举行的一轮讨论重点仅在潜在的中国购买美国产品上。这个目标激怒了一些对中国持批评态度的人士。他们担心，罗斯和马努钦会放弃争取中方更大的让步。很多人觉得这些让步是必须的。这个群体包括民主党人，他们还敦促特朗普强迫中国开放市场，并指责特朗普只关注贸易赤字，舍弃了其他目标。
Economists have also expressed skepticism about China’s potential to purchase tens of billions of dollars of additional products from the United States, arguing that the American economy is already operating near its full potential. If China does ramp up purchases of energy and agricultural goods, they say, it would simply displace those purchases from other nations, making little lasting impact on the overall trade deficit or the American economy.
经济专家也对中国从美国多购买数百亿美元产品的可能性表示怀疑，称美国经济现在的运转几乎已经发挥了全部潜力。如果中国真的加大能源和农业产品的购买量，他们说，那只会取代其他国家的购买量，这对总的贸易赤字或美国经济几乎没什么持久影响。
The figure offered last weekend follows earlier statements by senior Trump administration officials, who said after a meeting with the Chinese in mid-May that Beijing had proposed a package of purchases and economic reforms that would essentially allow $200 billion worth of American goods to enter China over the next few years.
在中方上周末提出这个数字之前，特朗普政府的高官在5月中旬同中方在北京举行会谈后说，北京提出了一系列购买和经济改革计划。它们本质上会让价值2000亿美元的美国商品得以在接下来几年进入中国。
As that round of talks concluded in mid-May, the White House said that China had committed to buying more agriculture and energy exports, but noted that American officials would travel to China to work out the details of their agreement.
5月中旬那一轮谈判结束时，白宫称中国承诺购买更多的农业和能源出口产品，但也指出美国官员将前往中国，敲定协议的细节。
The push to strike a deal with China has also provoked criticism from some lawmakers. The Trump administration briefed lawmakers two weeks ago on a deal that would keep the Chinese telecom firm ZTE in business in exchange for other trade concessions, a proposal that the president later confirmed on Twitter.
与中国达成协议的努力也招致了部分议员的批评。两周前，特朗普政府向议员通报了一项协议，欲用允许中国电信公司中兴通讯继续其业务来换取其他贸易让步，总统随后在Twitter上证实了这一提议。
The United States had banned the Chinese firm from buying American technology components for seven years as a punishment for violating United States sanctions against Iran and North Korea. The prospect of lifting those sanctions had provoked a backlash from lawmakers across the political spectrum, who saw the issue as a law enforcement matter and ZTE’s expansion in the United States as a potential national security threat.
美国禁止这家中国企业在七年内购买美国的科技零部件，以作为对其违反美国对伊朗和朝鲜制裁的惩罚。撤销惩罚的可能性在各层级的议员中引起了强烈反对，他们认为这是执法问题，而中兴在美国的扩张是对国家安全的潜在威胁。
The trade conflict with the Chinese could escalate in coming months, putting at risk multinational businesses that depend on China to source and sell products. China has threatened to retaliate by placing its own tariffs on roughly $50 billion of American products, and Mr. Trump responded by threatening tariffs on an additional $100 billion of Chinese goods.
与中国的贸易冲突可能会在未来几个月内加剧，使依赖于中国供货或出售产品的跨国公司陷入风险。中国威胁要对美国产品施加约500亿美元关税以进行报复，而特朗普则以对另外1000亿美元的中国商品加征关税这一威胁作为回应。
The administration’s efforts to coax China into purchasing more American products may be a peace offering to farmers, who are heavily dependent on exports and have found themselves in the cross hairs of several of Mr. Trump’s trade conflicts, including his push to rewrite the North American Free Trade Agreement and global steel and aluminum tariffs that have prompted retaliation on American goods.
政府怂恿中国购买更多美国产品的努力，对农民来说可能是一个示好的姿态，农民严重依赖出口，而在特朗普的几次贸易冲突中，他们发现自己处于靶心，甚至包括特朗普修改《北美自由贸易协议》(North American Free Trade Agreement)和全球钢铁关税的努力，都使美国商品遭到了报复。
“Farmers have not been doing well for 15 years,” the president wrote on Twitter on Monday. “Mexico, Canada, China and others have treated them unfairly. By the time I finish trade talks, that will change. Big trade barriers against U.S. farmers, and other businesses, will finally be broken. Massive trade deficits no longer!”
“农民处境不佳已经有15年了，”总统周一在Twitter上写道。“墨西哥、加拿大、中国和其他国家对他们不公。等我完成贸易谈判时，就不会这样了。拦住美国农民和其他行业的巨大贸易壁垒终将被打破。不再有巨大的贸易赤字！”
