Does your digestion leave something to be desired? If you often experience discomfort after eating, you're not alone. According to the National Institutes of Health, 60 to 70 million Americans are affected by digestive diseases. Many are trying a fairly new but growing category of supplements called digestive enzymes, which may help the body break down compounds in food.
你的消化系统是否还有待改进？进食后你是否会有不适感？你不是一个人！据美国国立卫生研究院统计，6000至7000万美国人都患有消化系统疾病。很多人都在尝试一种相对较新但却日益增长的补充剂--消化酶补充剂，该补充剂或有助于身体分解食物中的化合物。
These supplements typically contain a variety of digestive enzymes such as amylases, lipases and proteases. A report by Transparency Market Research estimates that the global market for digestive enzyme supplements, worth $358 million in 2016, is expected to grow to more than $1 billion by 2025.
通常情况下，这些补充剂含有一系列的消化酶，包括淀粉酶、脂肪酶和蛋白酶。透明市场研究机构（Transparency Market Research）的一份报告表示，2016年全球消化酶补充剂市场价值3.58亿美元，预计到2025年，其市值将超过10亿美元。
Morning or night? With food or without?
早上吃还是晚上吃？在进食还是不进食的前提下吃？
Promotions for some of these supplements do more than promise they will cure digestive ailments. They also claim the supplements will help people lose weight, think more clearly and even give people the ability to eat foods they're allergic to. But before I explain why these supplements aren't all they're cracked up to be, and could even be dangerous, here's a quick lesson on how enzymes fit into the digestive process.
某些补充剂的营销手段不仅仅是承诺它们能治疗消化系统疾病。营销人员还声称，这些补充剂将有助于人们减轻体重、更清晰地思考、甚至能让人吃一些过敏食物。在解释这些补充剂或许并不如其被吹捧的那般有效（甚至可能很危险）前，先快速了解酶在消化系统中的工作情况吧。
What exactly are digestive enzymes?
消化酶究竟是什么？
Digestive enzymes are proteins your body produces and uses to break down your food into energy and nutrients. They differ from probiotics, which are bacteria or yeasts that offer health benefits, and prebiotics, which are fibers and other non-digestible compounds that promote the growth of healthy gut bacteria. Specific types of enzymes break down carbohydrates, proteins or fats. Digestive enzymes are released and mix with your food throughout digestion, starting in the mouth and continuing in the stomach, pancreas, liver and small intestine.
消化酶是身体产生的蛋白质，可将食物分解成能量和营养素。消化酶与益生菌不同，益生菌是带来健康益处的细菌或酵母，而益生元是纤维和促进肠道细菌健康生长的其它不易消化的化合物。特定类型的酶能分解碳水化合物、蛋白质或脂肪。消化酶在消化过程中释放，并与食物混合，始于口腔，继而延续在胃部、胰腺、肝脏和小肠中。
When your body doesn't produce enough of certain digestive enzymes, undigested compounds can make their way into your large intestine and cause unpleasant symptoms - such as the gas some experience after eating beans - or rob your body of essential energy and nutrients.
当身体没有产生足够的消化酶时，未消化的化合物就会进入大肠，带来令人不快的症状--比如吃完豆类会放屁--甚至会带走人体必需的能量和营养。
Digestive enzyme supplements
消化酶补充剂
Lately, consumers have been purchasing over-the-counter digestive enzyme supplements that contain combinations of many different enzymes. These formulations haven't been regulated or scientifically evaluated for effectiveness, and people are taking them without a doctor's recommendation, which could be dangerous.
近来，很多消费者都在购买含多种酶的组合非处方消化酶补充剂。这些补充剂的配方尚未受到有效监管或得到有据的科学评估，而且很多人是在未经医生建议的情况下服用这些补充剂的，可能会带来危险。
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