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High-heeled shoes are thought to characterise femininity and beauty, making the wearer feel self-assured and elegant.
人们一直认为高跟鞋表现了女性气质和美丽，让穿着者感到自信和优雅。
But they also alter alignment of the feet, legs, and back, and can have long-term effects on posture and health.
但是高跟鞋也改变了足部、腿部和背部的线条，并且可能对姿势和健康有长久的影响。
Balance and posture
平衡和姿势
High-heeled shoes are less stable than flat shoes, and they make the whole body more unstable because they raise the height of the body's centre of mass.
高跟鞋没平底鞋那么稳，还让整个身体变得不那么稳定，因为它们让身体的重心升高了。
They make it more difficult to maintain a symmetrical posture, and this may affect balance.
高跟鞋使得维持对称姿势更加困难，这可能会影响平衡。
In order to stand upright and walk in high-heeled shoes, the ankle joint must be extended and this is the joint's least stable position.
为了站直身子穿着高跟鞋走路，踝关节必须延长，这正是关节最不稳定的位置。
Increased stress on muscles and joints
肌肉和关节上增加的压力
Every step we take sends a shock wave up through the feet and legs to the spine, and walking on the hard, narrow heel of a high-heeled shoe increases this force.
我们走的每一步都会将冲击波从足部和腿部传到脊柱，走在高跟鞋坚硬狭窄的跟上增加了这种力。
The unnatural position of the foot in high heels means it's less able to act as a shock absorber and the knees have to bend more to absorb the increased force. This increased stress on the knees, and overloading of the knee joints, increases the risk of joint degeneration and arthritis.
脚在高跟鞋中的不自然位置意味着，脚不能那么有效地充当冲击缓冲者，膝盖需要弯曲更多来吸收增加的力。膝盖上增加的压力以及过载的膝关节增加了关节退变和关节炎的风险。
Mitigating harm
减轻伤害
Women who love high-heeled shoes are unlikely to stop wearing them, even if they become aware of the problems they may cause.
爱穿高跟鞋的女性不可能停止穿着高跟鞋，即使她们知道高跟鞋可能引起的问题。
