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Call for more obese kids to have gastric bypass surgery
美国儿科学会呼吁为肥胖儿童做胃绕道手术
I find myself shaking my head in disbelief when I read that the American Academy of Pediatrics is recommending gastric bypasses in young children. I'm gobsmacked because weight loss surgery is normally the last resort for severely obese adults who have failed to control their weight over decades and had lots of failed attempts at weight loss.
当读到美国儿科学会建议为儿童做胃绕道手术的新闻时，我摇了摇头，难以相信居然会发生这样的事情。我感到非常诧异，因为这种减肥手术通常是严重肥胖的成年人在长达数十年的时间内反复减肥失败、无法控制体重时才会采取的最后手段。
Not surprisingly, most doctors have been reluctant to consider surgery for obese youngsters for fear it might stunt their development. But the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) says more youngsters – including obese pre-teens – should be getting bariatric surgery which, in whatever form, shrinks their stomachs to curtail their eating.
大多数医生都不愿为肥胖儿童做胃绕道手术，这不足为奇，因为这种手术可能会导致发育迟缓。但美国儿科学会（AAP）表示，更多的年轻人——包括肥胖的青春期前儿童——应该接受减肥手术（不考虑其形式），从而缩小胃容量、减少进食。
They say the surgery in teenagers is safe. Furthermore it leads to rapid weight loss which lasts several years. It's reported that diabetes and high blood pressure (side-effects of obesity) disappear after surgery. Even in children younger than 12 who had weight loss surgery, it’s claimed there was no negative impact on growth.
该学会表示，这一手术对青少年而言是安全的。手术结束后，患者的体重会在数年内快速减轻。据称，手术后患者的糖尿病和高血压（肥胖的副作用）症状都消失了。即使是对于12岁以下接受减肥手术的儿童而言，他们的成长也不会受到负面影响。
The AAP says youngsters should be eligible for surgery if their body mass index is 40 or higher. A BMI of 30 and above is considered obese. Recovery after the op isn't always plain sailing. Post-operatively, patients can be physically sick if they overeat, or consume foods high in fat or sugar.
美国儿科学会表示，如果年轻人的身体质量指数为40或更高，则符合手术条件，因为身体质量指数大于或等于30则被视为肥胖。术后恢复并不总是一帆风顺的。手术后，患者若继续大吃大喝或摄入高脂肪或高糖饮食，他们可能会感到身体不适。
The op can also interfere with patients getting vital nutrients, as they can consume only a limited amount of food. Lead author of a research review, Dr Sarah Armstrong, also admitted being concerned that youngsters who haven't gone through puberty may not be mature enough to understand the life-changing implications of surgery.
手术还可能影响患者的营养吸收，因为术后患者只能摄入少部分食物。一篇研究综述的主作者莎拉·阿姆斯特朗（Sarah Armstrong）医生也承认，她十分担心尚未经历青春期的年轻人，他们可能不够成熟，无法理解手术对生活的改变。
But age alone shouldn't rule out bariatric surgery as a potential treatment, said Dr Armstrong, a professor of paediatrics at US Duke University. She added: "Children with severe obesity develop health problems earlier than those with lesser degrees of obesity, including diabetes, high blood pressure, fatty liver disease, and sleep apnoea."
年龄不是排除减肥手术作为一种潜在治疗方法的唯一因素，美国杜克大学儿科学教授阿姆斯特朗医生说道。她补充说：“与肥胖程度一般的儿童相比，严重肥胖的儿童出现健康问题的时间更早，包括糖尿病、高血压、脂肪肝疾病和睡眠呼吸暂停。”
To take the long view, obese children are prey to these devastating complications at a much earlier age than children of normal weight.
从长远角度而言，肥胖儿童比体重正常的儿童更早遭受这些破坏性并发症的困扰。
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