艾尚托福阅读，我们一起背单词第13期：TPO22-1

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今天我们讲解托福TPO22-1 (1-6) 的第1题到第6题需要重点记忆的单词

1. According to paragraph 1, each of the following is true of Spartina alterniflora EXCEPT:下面哪一个关于Spartina alterniflora的信息是不正确的：
正确选项定位原文：
B选项：it grows well in intertidal zones.
B选项对应原文：…, where it grows in the intertidal zones.
重点单词：
intertidal adj. 高潮线与低潮线之间的 (托福)
zone n. 地带；地区 （CET4）
C选项：it is commonly referred to as cordgrass.
D选项：it occurs naturally along the Gulf Coast and the Atlantic coast of the United States.
C/D选项对应原文：Spartina alterniflora, known as cordgrass, is a deciduous, perennial flowering plant native to the Atlantic coast and the Gulf Coast of the United States. Spartina alterniflora 俗称cordgrass,
重点单词：
deciduous adj. 落叶性的；非永久性的 （托福）
perennial adj. 多年生的；四季不断的（托福）
native to 原产于；土生土长的
C/D选项对应原文：Spartina alterniflora, <known as cordgrass>, is a deciduous, perennial flowering plant <native to the Atlantic coast and the Gulf Coast of the United States>. Spartina alterniflora 俗称cordgrass, 是一种落叶性的多年生的开花植物，原产自大西洋沿岸及美国的墨西哥湾。
错误选项A: it rarely flowers（v. 开花；繁荣；旺盛 <CET4>） in salt marshes.
与原文信息相违背：it is the dominant native species of the lower salt marshes along these coasts,…它是这些低海拔海岸地区的主要本地物种
重点单词：
dominant adj. 占优势的；占主导的；(CET4)
marshes n. 沼泽 （CET6）

2. According to paragraph 2, a major reason why natural salt marshes are so productive is that they are 盐水沼泽如此富饶的原因是什么
定位原文：
These natural salt marshes are among the most productive habitats in the marine environment. Nutrient-rich water is brought to the wetlands during each high tide, making a high rate of food production possible.
重点单词：
habitat n. 栖息地；产地 （CRT4）
marine adj. 海生的；海产的；海运的 （CET4）
nutrient n. 营养物；滋养物；adj. 营养的；滋养的 （CET4）
wetland n. 湿地；沼泽地 （CET4）
rate n. 比率；速度；v.估价；评估 （高中）
定位原文：
These natural salt marshes are among the most productive habitats in the marine environment. Nutrient-rich water is brought to the wetlands during each high tide, making a high rate of food production possible.这些盐水沼泽是海洋环境中最为富饶的生物栖息地。每次涨潮时，富含营养的水会流到湿地，使食物的高产成为可能。
正确选项：regularly supplied with high level of nutrient
重点单词：supply v. 提供；供给（高中）supply sb with sth

3. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?
the highlighted sentence:
Numerous insects occupy the marsh, feeding on living or dead cordgrass tissue, and redwing blackbirds, sparrows, rodents, rabbits, and deer feed directly on the cordgrass.
重点单词：
insest n. 昆虫 （高中）
occupy v. 占据；占领 （高中）occupation n. 占有；职业
feed v. 喂养；供给；靠…为生 （高中）feed on sth
living adj. 活的；现存的；逼真的 （高中）alive
tissue n. 组织
the highlighted sentence:
Numerous insects occupy the marsh, <feeding on living or dead cordgrass tissue>, and redwing blackbirds, sparrows, rodents, rabbits, and deer feed directly on the cordgrass. 无数的昆虫生活在沼泽里，以活着的或者死去的cordgrass组织为食物，redwing blackbirds, sparrows, rodents,兔子以及鹿直接食用cordgrass.
正确选项：Cordgrass provides food for numerous insects, birds and other animals.
5.The word “exceedingly” in the passage is closest in meaning to
定位原文：
Spartina is an exceedingly competitive plant.
Spartina是极具竞争力的一种植物
重点单词：
exceedingly adv. 非常；极其
A选项：unusually adv. 不同寻常的 （高中）
B选项：dangerously adv. 危险的 （初中）
C选项：surprisingly adv. 令人吃惊地 （初中）
D选项：highly adv. 高度地；极其的 （初中）
D选项符合语境单词的意思

6. According to paragraph 3, one reason that Spartina is able to compete in marsh environments so successfully is its ability to 问Spartina在沼泽环境能如此成功地具有竞争力的原因是它具有什么能力
定位原文：
Spartina has the ability to take up sulfides and convert them to sulfate, a form of sulfur that plant can use; this ability makes it easier for the grass to colonize marsh environments.
重点单词：
take up v. 吸收；开始从事；占据 （高中）
convert v. 使转变；转化 （CET4）conversion n.
colonize v. 将…开拓为殖民地；占领；生存
sulfide n. 硫化物
sulfate n. 硫酸盐
sulfur n. 硫磺
定位原文：
Spartina has the ability to take up sulfides and convert them to sulfate, a form of sulfur that plant can use; this ability makes it easier for the grass to colonize marsh environments.
Spartina具有能够吸收硫化物并将其转化成硫化盐，一种植物可以利用的硫磺形式的能力，这种能力可以使草在沼泽环境中更容易生存。
正确选项：convert sulfides into a usable form of sulfur

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