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Monopoly
垄断
When you go to a market, you may find that many companies make similar products.
你去市场的时候，你会发现很多公司都生产相似的产品。
What if there was only one cereal company in your country?
要是你的国家只有一家谷物公司会怎么样？
We would call it a monopoly.
我们称之为垄断。
A monopoly means there is no competition in the market.
垄断是指市场上没有竞争。
If company has a monopoly, it can control the price of its product.
如果公司能够垄断，它就能控制产品的价格。
So, people have to buy the product, even if it is very expensive.
因此，即使它的产品价格昂贵，人们也得买它。
Therefore, governments usually prohibit companies from having a monopoly.
因此，政府通常禁止公司垄断。
So, companies compete to make better products and offer cheaper prices.
这样的话，公司会争相生产物美价廉的产品。
