评论
打印
Education
教育
Billions spent on hardening may not make schools safer.
在强化学校安全方面投入数十亿美元的资金可能不会让学校更安全。
Beside pencils, sharpeners and calendars in classrooms throughout Minnesota’s Lakeville Area Schools, there are now big blue boxes with a red button and the word “POLICE.”
在明尼苏达州莱克维尔地区学校的教室里，除了铅笔、卷笔刀和日历外，现在还有一个蓝色的大盒子，上面有一个红色的按钮和“警察”的字样。
The button sends a text message to emergency dispatchers, alerts the rest of the school to potential danger, and activates 1,200 pounds of magnetic force to keep the class door shut.
这个按钮会向紧急调度员发送一条短信，提醒学校的其他人注意潜在的危险，并启动1200磅的磁力使教室门关闭。
It’s one of the measures that Michael Baumann has implemented to harden the schools in his district and protect against active shooters since he became superintendent in 2017.
这是迈克尔·鲍曼(Michael Baumann)自2017年担任学区负责人以来实施的措施之一，目的是加强学区内学校的安全，防止活跃枪手的袭击。
He hired four more counselors to improve mental health services, established a team to monitor potential threats of violence, and spent $14.4 million installing the emergency alert system and building ballistic panels into walls that are designed to stop bullets,
他又聘请了四名顾问来改善心理健康服务，成立了一个团队来监测潜在的暴力威胁，并花费1440万美元安装了紧急警报系统，并在墙上安装了防弹板，
all aimed at helping students and teachers survive an active shooter.
这些都是为了帮助学生和教师在活跃的枪击事件中能够生存下来。
Everyone goes to bed and thinks, “that'll never happen in my school district.”
每个人上床睡觉的时候都会想，“这种事永远不会发生在我的校区。”
Well, I can tell you, as a superintendent, that's the nightmare, says Baumann, who previously served in the army deploying to Iraq and Afghanistan. “I felt like it was my obligation to do what I could.”
鲍曼说:“嗯，作为一名警长，我可以告诉你，这是一个噩梦。”他曾在被部署到伊拉克和阿富汗的军队中服役。 “我觉得尽我所能是我的义务。”
Fear of shootings has turned school security into a booming industry.
对枪击事件的恐惧使学校保安成为一个蓬勃发展的行业。
The market for school security equipment and services reached $2.7 billion in 2017, according to a report by the research firm Omdia.
根据研究公司Omdia的一份报告，2017年，学校安全设备和服务达到了27亿美元。
That was before the 2018 shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Fla., further increased the focus on security measures at schools.
那是在2018年佛罗里达州帕克兰的马乔里·斯通曼·道格拉斯高中枪击案发生之前，这进一步加强了对学校安全措施的关注。
The school shooting in Uvalde, Texas on May 24 has reignited the discussion about whether safety measures at schools can deter or stop mass shootings.
5月24日发生在美国德克萨斯州乌瓦尔德市的校园枪击事件再次引发了有关学校安全措施能否阻止大规模枪击事件的讨论。
And many Republicans, after indicating that they're not willing to support gun-safety legislation, have argued instead that heightened physical security measures are necessary to prevent future attacks.
许多共和党人在表示他们不愿意支持枪支安全立法之后，反而辩称，有必要加强人身安全措施，以防止未来的袭击。
But experts say it's not clear that such measures actually make schools safer.
但专家表示，目前尚不清楚这些措施是否真的能让学校更安全。
Research shows that the number of deadly shootings at schools has increased since 2012, during a period in which protective measures also expanded.
研究显示，自2012年以来，校园致命枪击事件的数量有所增加，而在此期间，保护措施也有所扩大。
There also isn't clear evidence that school resource officers (SROs) improve safety.
也没有明确的证据表明驻校警察(SROs)能提高安全性。
SROs were on the scene and Uvalde and in Parkland before the gunmen entered the schools, but failed to stop those shootings.
在枪手进入学校之前，驻校警察在乌瓦尔德和帕克兰的现场，但未能阻止这些枪击事件。
“When we add metal detectors, surveillance cameras, increased police presence, active -shooter drills, and we turn schools into this mix of fortresses and prisons.
“当我们增加金属探测器，监控摄像头，增加警力，积极的射击演习，我们会把学校变成堡垒和监狱的混合体。
It can have some negative impacts”, says Bryan Warnick, an education professor at Ohio State University who has studied school discipline.
这可能会产生一些负面影响，”俄亥俄州立大学研究学校纪律的教育学教授布莱恩·沃尼克(Bryan Warnick)说。
Although many school districts invest in security in the hopes of preventing shootings or minimizing casualties, some worry that hardening schools ultimately makes educators responsible for solving the gun violence epidemic.
尽管许多学区在安全方面投入了大量资金，希望能防止枪击事件发生或尽量减少伤亡，但一些人担心，强化学校安全最终会让教育工作者负责解决枪支暴力泛滥问题。
“We ask schools to turn themselves upside down with trainings and new procedures.” Warnick says.
“我们要求学校通过培训和新程序来彻底改变自己。” 沃尼克说。
It's a larger societal problem of easy access to firearms, of lack of access to mental health care.
容易获得枪支以及缺乏心理健康护理途径是更大的社会问题。
译文由可可原创，仅供学习交流使用，未经许可请勿转载。
关注微信公众号【可可双语精读】，获取更多优质详细讲解内容。
