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Why Hurricanes Have Human Names
为什么飓风有人的名字
In 1890, Australian meteorologist Clement Wragge became the first person to use human names to identify tropical storms.
1890年，澳大利亚气象学家克莱门特·弗拉格成为第一个用人名来识别热带风暴的人。
He didn’t choose names based on a system; he simply named storms after politicians he disliked.
他没有根据某一体系来选择名字；他只是用他不喜欢的政客的名字来命名风暴。
However, the practice of naming storms after people didn’t become common until the 1940s, when American meteorologists began to name storms after their wives.
然而，直到20世纪40年代美国气象学家们开始用自己妻子的名字来命名风暴时，用人名来命名风暴的做法才变得普遍起来。
Eventually, the World Meteorological Organization developed a system for naming storms.
最终，世界气象组织建立了一套风暴命名体系。
There are official lists of hurricane names, assigned alphabetically.
体系中有飓风名称的官方清单，按字母表顺序排列。
Originally, hurricanes were only given female names, but since the 1970s, the name lists have included male names as well.
最初，飓风只被赋予女性名字，但自20世纪70年代以来，名单上也包括了男性名字。
The names are often recycled, but if a storm is especially destructive, its name is never used again.
这些名字经常重复使用，但如果某个风暴特别具有破坏性，那么它的名字就不会被再次使用了。
Some of these retired names are Katrina, Sandy, and Matthew.
其中一些“退休”的名字有卡特里娜、桑迪和马修。
