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Some educators worry students may use ChatGPT to cheat on schoolwork.
一些教育工作者担心学生可能会使用ChatGPT在作业上作弊。
The AI tool could write reports and computer codes.
该人工智能工具可以编写报告和计算机代码。
It could create charts that look like those done by humans.
它可以创建看起来像人类制作的图表。
A growing number of American school systems have since blocked ChatGPT on their computers and networks.
此后，越来越多的美国学校系统在他们的电脑和网络上屏蔽了ChatGPT。
Kui Xie and Eric Anderman are professors of educational psychology and educational technology.
谢奎和埃里克·安德曼是教育心理学和教育技术学的教授。
In their research, they have found that the main reason students cheat is their desire to do better in school.
在他们的研究中，他们发现学生作弊的主要原因是他们想在学校表现得更好。
For example, some students want to get a high grade, and others want to learn all that they can about a subject.
例如，一些学生想要得到高分，另一些学生想要尽其所能地学习学科知识。
The decision to cheat or not, they say, often relates to how schoolwork and tests are built and graded.
他们表示，是否作弊的决定通常与作业和考试的构建和评分方式有关。
It is not as dependent on the availability of technology to make things easier.
它不取决于可以使事情变得更容易的技术的可用性。
When students can rewrite a report or retake a test, if they do not do well at first, they are less likely to cheat.
当学生可以重写报告或重考时，如果他们一开始做得不好，他们作弊的可能性就会降低。
Xie and Anderman recently explained in The Conversation how teachers can use ChatGPT to increase their students' desire for learning and prevent cheating.
谢和安德曼最近在The Conversation中解释了教师如何使用ChatGPT来增强学生的学习欲望和防止作弊。
Here are their three ideas for doing that:
以下是他们的三个想法：
The professors' research shows that students are more likely to cheat when school assignments are designed in ways that push them to outperform their classmates.
这两位教授的研究表明，当学校布置的作业被设计得迫使学生超越同班同学时，学生作弊的可能性更大。
However, students are less likely to cheat when assignments lead them to work together and center on learning rather than getting a good grade.
然而，当作业引导学生一起合作、以学习为中心而不是取得好成绩时，学生作弊的可能性较小。
Teachers can get students to treat ChatGPT as a learning partner.
教师可以让学生将ChatGPT视为学习伙伴。
That can help teachers move their students away from competition and performance to teamwork and knowledge.
这可以帮助教师将学生的关注点从竞争和成绩转向团队合作和知识。
For example, a science teacher can assign students to work with ChatGPT to design a hydroponic vegetable garden.
例如，科学老师可以让学生使用ChatGPT设计一个水培菜园。
Students could use ChatGPT to discuss the growing requirements for vegetables and think of design ideas for a hydroponic system.
学生可以使用ChatGPT讨论蔬菜的生长需求，并思考水培系统的设计思想。
These activities are designed to improve knowledge rather than just earning a good grade.
这些活动的目的是提高知识，而不仅仅是获得好成绩。
Research shows that when students feel confident they can successfully do the work, they are less likely to cheat.
研究表明，当学生对自己能够成功完成作业充满信心时，他们作弊的可能性就会降低。
An important way to improve students' confidence is to provide them with many ways to be successful.
提高学生自信心的一个重要方法是为他们提供许多成功的方法。
ChatGPT can provide those experiences by offering students individualized support and breaking down complex problems into smaller tasks.
ChatGPT可以通过为学生提供个性化支持和将复杂的问题分解为较小的任务来提供这些体验。
Perhaps, students are asked to design a vehicle that can use gasoline more efficiently than a traditional car.
也许，学生被要求设计一种比传统汽车更有效地使用汽油的汽车。
Students who struggle with the project could use ChatGPT to break down the larger problem into smaller tasks.
在这个项目中遇到困难的学生可以使用ChatGPT将大问题分解为小任务。
ChatGPT could suggest they first develop an overall idea for the vehicle before deciding the size of the car or what kind of fuel will be used.
ChatGPT可能会建议他们首先为设计这种汽车制定一个总体思路，然后再决定汽车的大小或使用哪种燃料。
Teachers could also ask students to compare the steps suggested by ChatGPT with steps from other sources.
教师还可以要求学生将ChatGPT建议的步骤与从其他来源获取的步骤进行比较。
Research shows personalized feedback can improve students' self-confidence.
研究表明，个性化反馈可以提高学生的自信心。
ChatGPT can be directed to deliver feedback using cheerful language.
（人类可以指示）ChatGPT使用愉快的语言提供反馈。
If a student does something incorrectly, ChatGPT may start a conversation with the student instead of just telling them they are wrong.
如果学生做错了什么，ChatGPT可能会与学生开始对话，而不是仅仅告诉他们错了。
Here is a real conversation from ChatGPT: "Your answer is not correct, but it's completely normal to encounter occasional errors... Don't be discouraged by this small setback; you're on the right track! I'm here to support you and answer any questions you may have. You're doing great!"
以下是一段来自ChatGPT的真实对话：“你的答案不正确，但偶尔遇到错误是完全正常的……不要因为这个小小的挫折而气馁；你的方向是正确的！我在这里支持你，回答你可能会提出的任何问题。你做得很好！”
This will help students feel supported and understood while receiving feedback for improvement.
这将会帮助学生感受到支持和理解，同时收到改进的反馈。
Teachers can easily show students how to direct ChatGPT to provide them with such feedback.
教师可以很容易地向学生展示如何指示ChatGPT向他们提供这样的反馈。
I'm Dan Novak.
丹·诺瓦克为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
