shave shaft shift
polish pole

polish ['pɔliʃ]
to make something smooth and shiny by rubbing it
(使)光滑, 擦亮

pole[pəul]
a long thin stick of wood or metal, often used standing straight up in the ground to support things
杆；柱；竿；电线杆；旗杆

shave[ʃeiv]
to cut very thin pieces from the surface of wood
刨(木头)；刨掉

shaft英音：[ʃɑ:ft]美音：[ʃæft]
a pole or rod which forms the handle of a tool or weapon
a rod which forms part of a machine such as an engine, and which turns in order to pass power on to the machine
a clever remark, especially one that is intended as an attack on someone or something
to cheat or trick someone in order to get money unfairly from them
n. 拍杆；箭杆；矛杆;杆状物;(光等)一束，一道;【机械学】轴，旋转轴;讥讽；挖苦；尖酸的话
vi.发光；(光等)发出，发射：
vt. 1.在...上装杆(或手柄、轴等)
2.【美】【俚】欺骗;利用;苛刻(或不公平)地对待（ 敲竹杠）

例句
Shafts of sunlight peeked through the trees.
一束束阳光穿过树林照射进来。
He was wounded by a shaft.
他被箭击中受伤。
The candidates exchanged shafts in the debate.
候选人在辩论中唇枪舌箭。

趣味单词
challenge['tʃælindʒ] call挑战就是两军交战朝对方大喊大叫

a new or difficult task that tests somebody's ability and skill
an invitation or a suggestion to somebody that they should enter a competition, fight, etc
a statement or an action that shows that somebody refuses to accept something and questions whether it is right, legal, etc
n. 挑战；怀疑
vt. 向…挑战