【新闻精讲】

But the Riksbank, Sweden's central bank, tried that in 2010-11, with disastrous results.
但瑞典的中央银行瑞典央行在2010-11年便尝试过此方法，却导致了灾难性的后果。
Unemployment stopped falling and inflation soon withered, stirring fears of deflation.
失业率停止下降，通货膨胀很快萎缩，激起了人们对通货紧缩的恐惧。
Wither 枯萎
例：The flowers in lisa's room had withered.
丽莎的房间里的花朵已经枯萎了。
Stirring 激动人心的
例：The president made a stirring speech.
总统作了一次激动人心的演讲。

That prompted the Riksbank to reverse course in late 2011 and start cutting rates again.
这促使瑞典央行在2011年底改变进程，重新开始削减利率。
Prompt
1. 促使
例：Japan's recession has prompted consumers to cut back on buying cars.
日本的经济衰退已促使消费者们削减购车花销。
2. 提示; 给 (演员) 提示词
例："You wouldn't have wanted to bring those people to justice anyway, would you?" Brand prompted him.
“你本不想将那些人绳之以法的，是吧？”布兰德提示他说。
3. 迅速的
例：You have been so prompt in carrying out all these commissions.
你执行所有这些任务非常迅速。

The benchmark has ended up lower than it was to begin with, at -0.35%, increasing the sums flooding into housing.
最终，基准降到了-0.35%，比最开始还低，涌向房市的资金增加。
Benchmark
衡量基准
例：The truck industry is a benchmark for the economy.
卡车产业是衡量经济发展的基准。
ended up with
结果是
例句:I ended up with bronchitis and no voice.
结果我得了支气管炎，不能说话了

“It's like mopping whilst the tap is running at full flow,” complains one official.
“这就如同大开水龙头拖地，”一名官员抱怨道。
Mop 擦拭
例：He mopped perspiration from his forehead.
他擦去额头上的汗水。
Whilst 同时
As you lower your pen whilst continuing the motion, you should notice the resultingshape is more regular than it otherwise would have been.
随着你降低你的笔，同时保持圆周运动，你应该会注意到画出的形状比起不这样做画出的形状要规范的多。
Tap 水龙头

To try to stanch the flow, the Finansinspektionen (FI) , the country's financial watchdog, has adopted curbs on both lending and borrowing.
为了止住资金流，瑞典金融监管部门瑞典金融监管局(FI)采取了一系列抑制贷款和借款的措施。
Stanch
止住
If they behave like everyone else, how much will that stanch the passion of his support?
如果他们像其他任何人一样，这将会多么压抑支持者的热情？
Curb
抑制
例：...advertisements aimed at curbing the spread of AIDS.
…旨在抑制爱滋病蔓延的广告。

In 2013 it tightened capital requirements for mortgages, and since September it has required banks to hold an extra counter-cyclical capital buffer of 1% of all risk-weighted assets, to increase to 1.5% by next June.
2013年，它加强了对抵押贷款的资本要求，自9月起，它要求银行对于所有风险资产增持额外的1%作为逆周期资本缓冲准备金，到下一年6月，该数字将增至1.5%。
Tighten
1. 对…加强控制; 加强控制
例：He knows he has considerable support for his plans to tighten his grip on the machinery of central government.
他知道他那些对中央政府加强控制的计划拥有相当多的支持。
2. 抓紧
Luke answered by tightening his grip on her shoulder.
卢克回应了，紧紧抓住她的肩膀。
Buffer 缓冲物
例： Keep savings as a buffer against unexpected cash needs.
备有存款来作为急需现金时的缓冲。

This will help if the property bubble bursts, but clearly has not been enough to stop it inflating.
尽管该举措将在房地产泡沫破灭时有所帮助，但远不能阻止通胀。
Caps on how much individuals can borrow, in the form of maximum loan-to-value (LTV) and debt-to-income ratios, are another option.
以最大价值贷款比(LTV)和债务收入比率的形式限制个人贷款上限是另一种选择。
Property
1. 房地产, 财产
Cecil inherited a family property near Stamford.塞西尔继承了斯坦福附近的一处家族房产
2. 特性
例：A radio signal has both electrical and magnetic properties.
无线电信号既具有电的特性也具有磁的特性。
Option 供选择的东西
He's argued from the start that the US and its allies are putting too much emphasis on the military option.
他从一开始就争论说美国及其盟国过于看重军事这个选项。

A recent IMF study found that in more than half of countries where this has been tried, credit growth and asset-price inflation fell.
国际货币基金组织最近一项研究发现，超过半数采用该方案的国家里，信贷增长和资产价格通胀均得以下降。
Try
试用
例：If you're still skeptical about exercising, we can only ask you to trust us and give it a try.
如果你仍对锻炼持怀疑态度，我们只能请你相信我们，试一试。
Asset
资产
例： By the end of 1999 the group had assets of $3.5 billion.
到1999年底该集团已有35亿美元的资产。

In 2010 the Riksbank embraced this policy, requiring a deposit of at least 15% for new mortgages.
2010年，瑞典央行采用了该方案：新抵押贷款将要求至少15%的保证金。
Embrace
1. 拥抱
例：...a young couple locked in an embrace.
…紧紧相拥的年轻一对。
2, 欣然接受; 信奉
例：He embraces the new information age.
他欢迎新的信息时代。
3. 囊括
例：...a theory that would embrace the whole field of human endeavour.
…一个囊括人类整个奋斗领域的理论。

The authorities have also tried to restrict the use of interest-only mortgages, which are common in Sweden.
当局还尝试限制使用“还息不还本”的房屋贷款形式，这种贷款在瑞典十分常见。
Authority
1. 当局 =>官方机构
例： This provided a pretext for the authorities to cancel the elections.
这给当局提供了一个取消选举的借口。
2. 职权
例：A family member in a family business has a position of authority and power.
家庭成员在家族企业中都有职有权。
3, 权威人士
例：He's universally recognized as an authority on Russian affairs.
他被公认为是俄罗斯事务的权威。

If borrowers use these to protect themselves from temporary financial problems while still paying down their debt, they can be helpful.
如果借贷者将该项贷款用于在资金紧张的临时过渡，但仍旧能够偿还自己的债务，那么该类贷款则没有什么问题。
Temporary
暂时的
例：His job here is only temporary.
他在这儿的工作只是暂时的。
paying down 偿还
例句:At least someone is paying down their debts.
至少已经有人在偿还债务了。

But if they take out interest-only loans simply to borrow more, they exacerbate the bubble.
但如果贷款者只是利用此类贷款为自己借入更多资金，那么该类贷款将激化资产泡沫。
Take out
1. 取得 (贷款、许可、保险等)
I'll have to stop by the bank and take out a loan.
我将不得不去一下那家银行领一笔贷款
2. 除掉
例：I got an abscess so he took the tooth out.
我牙龈脓肿，所以他把那颗牙齿拔掉了。
Exacerbate
使…恶化
例：Longstanding poverty has been exacerbated by racial divisions.
由来已久的贫穷因种族分裂而更加恶化了。

Almost 40% of Swedish mortgages by value are not being paid down at all, and for many of the remainder the pace of repayments is slow.
将近40%的瑞典价值抵押贷款并没有得到偿还，剩余的大多数还款速度则很慢。
Remainder
剩余部分
例：Only 5.9 percent of the area is now covered in trees. Most of the remainder is farmland.
该地区现在的树木覆盖率仅为5.9％。剩余部分大多是农田。
Remain
1. 剩下; 余留; 待做
例：Major questions remain to be answered about his work.
关于他工作的主要问题仍有待回答。
2. 残余; 残迹
例：They were cleaning up the remains of their picnic.
他们正在打扫野餐的残余物。

The FI has been trying to push banks and borrowers to agree voluntary repayment plans.
瑞典金融监管局正尝试向银行和借款者推行自愿偿还计划。
It suggested that those with LTVs above 70% pay down at least 2% a year, and those with LTVs of 50-70% pay 1% a year.
计划要求价值贷款比高于70%的借款人每年至少还款2%，而价值贷款比为50%—70%的借款人每年至少还款1%。
Voluntary
1. 自愿的
例：Attention is drawn to a special voluntary course in Commercial French.
注意力被吸引到一门特别的商务法语选修课上。
2. 义务的
例：In her spare time she does voluntary work.
她在业余时间做义工。

But in April a court quashed such efforts, arguing the FI had no authority to promote such plans.
但在4月，法庭宣布这种方式无效，理由是监管局没有权力推进这些计划。
Quash
1. 撤销; 废止
例：The Appeal Court has quashed the convictions of all eleven people.
上诉法院已经撤销了对所有11人的判决。
2. 澄清 (谣言)
例：Graham attempted to quash rumours of growing discontent in the dressing room.
格雷厄姆试图澄清化妆室里日益增长的不满情绪的谣言。
3. 镇压; 平息
例：Troops were displaying an obvious reluctance to get involved in quashing demonstrations.
部队明确表示不愿卷入镇压示威活动。