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In this American English Pronunciation video, we're going to go over why we need the IPA.
在本集美式英语发音视频中，我们将讨论为什么需要“国际音标”。
This video was created for a course on IPA that is part of the Rachel's English Academy,
本视频是为瑞秋英语学院的国际音标课程所制作，
but I thought it was worth sharing here.
但我认为值得把它在这里分享。
Rachel's English Academy is a collection of courses I've created to help you speak better English.
瑞秋英语学院是我为帮助你把英语说得更好，而创建的一系列课程。
Courses on everything you need to know about pronunciation, listening comprehension, conversation courses, phrasal verbs, and so on.
课程内容包括：发音、听力理解、会话课程、短语动词等。
You can join the Rachel's English Academy here for a small monthly fee.
你可以在这里加入瑞秋英语学院，每月只收取很少的费用。
Once you join, you're locked in to that price for life even if the price goes up.
加入后，即使价格上涨，你所支付的费用也不会变动。
Okay, without further ado, the lesson.
好了，我们开始上课吧。
The International Phonetic Alphabet was created by the International Phonetic Association as a standardized way to write the sounds of spoken language.
国际音标是由国际音标协会创建的一种书写口语发音的标准方法。
Why do we need this?
我们为什么需要它呢？
Because English is not a phonetic language — that means there's not a 1:1 relationship between letters and sounds.
因为英语不是语音语言，这意味着字母和发音之间不是1:1的关系。
For example, these words:
例如，这些词：
They look the same except for the first letter.
除了第一个字母外，它们看起来一样。
They look like they should be pronounced the same except for the first sound.
除了第一个音以外，它们看起来应该发音相同。
But that's not the case.
但事实并非如此。
'Love' has the UH as in BUTTER vowel.
“love”有与BUTTER元音一样的UH。
'Cove' has the OH diphthong, and 'move' has the OO vowel.
“cove”有OH双元音，“move”有OO元音。
Uh, oh, oo.
Uh、oh、oo。
Love, cove, move.
Love、cove、move。
There are no rules to tell you which word should be pronounced which way, you just have to know.
没有规则能告诉你哪个单词应该怎么发音，你只能是自己知道。
You just have to learn the pronunciation when you learn the word.
你在学这个词的时候，就需要学习发音。
Let's go a little further.
我们再说得深入一点。
What about this word?
这个词呢？
It looks like the other three words, and its pronunciation is 'dove', just like 'love'.
它看起来像其他三个字，发音是“dove”，就像“love”。
Wait, no.
等等，不是的。
Its pronunciation is 'dove', just like 'cove'.
它的发音是“dove”，就像“cove”。
Actually, both pronunciations are right.
实际上，两个发音都对。
For the noun, the bird, it's 'dove'.
名词，bird，是“dove”。
UH.
UH
But for the verb, past tense of 'dive', it's pronounced 'dove'.
但是动词，“dive”过去式的发音是“dove”。
So again, we need IPA to write these different sounds so we can see that words are spelled the same,
所以，我们又要用国际音标写出这些不同的发音，这样我们就能看到单词拼写相同，
may still be pronounced differently.
但发音有可能不同。
This is called a HET-er-uh-nim, heteronym.
这叫heteronym，同形异音异义词。
One more confusing point: homophones.
还有一点让人困惑：同音字。
Words that are spelled differently, but pronounced the same.
拼写不同，但发音相同的单词。
For example, pear.
例如，pear。
Just one pronunciation for these two words: pear, pare.
这两个词的发音是一个：pear、pare。
There are lots of homophones in American English.
美式英语中有很多同音异义词。
So we need the IPA to see, oh, they're spelled differently, but they're pronounced the same.
所以我们需要查看国际音标，这些词的拼写不同，但发音相同。
When you write a sound, in IPA, with a symbol instead of a letter, there's no confusion.
在国际音标中，用符号而不是字母写一个发音时，不会有混淆。
You're going to see a lot of IPA in the Rachel's English Academy,
你会在瑞秋英语学院看到很多国际音标的内容，
so this course is to help you get used to these symbols, to help you start to recognize them.
这门课有助于你熟悉这些符号，帮助你开始认识它们。
For information on joining the Rachel's English Academy, click here.
有关加入瑞秋英语学院的信息，请点击这里查看。
That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
节目就到这里了，谢谢你收看《瑞秋纯正美式发音》。
