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We'd all like to increase pleasure and minimize pain, but the truth is suffering, even collective suffering that we're going through, is often the earmark that some real change is happening.
我们都希望让快乐最大化，痛苦最小化，但事实是，我们经历的痛苦，甚至是大量的痛苦才意味着变化会真正发生。
There's stuff that life throws back at you that you can't control.
生活中的有些事情是我们无法控制的。
Resilience is absolutely critical to accomplishing your mission.
恢复力对实现目标极其重要。
I had a choice in whether to give up.
我可以选择是否放弃。
I had a choice in whether to fight for a second chance.
我可以选择是否要争取第二次机会。
Difficult experiences are part of life.
困难的经历是生活的一部分。
They're part of our contract with the world, simply by virtue of being here.
它是我们只要存在就必须面对的东西。
What doesn't kill you makes you stronger.
杀不死你的终将使你更强大。
That gets at the idea, the psychological principle of 'Antifragility.'
它指的是心理学上的原理‘抗脆弱性’。
It's a wonderful term.
这个术语很好。
That's actually a clunky, ugly term, but it was made up by Nassim Taleb because we don't have a word for this in English language, which is that there are some systems that get stronger if they get pushed around, knocked around.
这个术语显得笨拙、丑陋，但它是由纳西姆·塔勒布创造出来的，因为英语中并没有某个词能形容某些系统在来回推搡中会变得更强大这样的状态。
So a wine glass is fragile- if you knock it over, it breaks, nothing good happens.
玻璃酒杯很脆弱，如果你打翻它，它会碎掉，不会发生什么好事。
A plastic cup is resilient. If a kid throws it off the table, it doesn't break, but nothing good happens.
塑料杯很有弹性，如果孩子把它扔到地上，它不会坏，但也不会发生什么好事。
But there's some things that have to get thrown off the table.
但有些东西一定要被扔到地上。
There's some systems that have to get pushed around, things like the banking system had to be tested where it gets fragile and collapses.
有些系统必须要被反复推敲，比如银行系统，需要测试它的脆弱性和崩溃边缘。
Bones have to be tested, used, or they get weak.
骨头要经过测试和使用，否则它们会变得软弱。
If you were to fly to Mars, your bones would get weak.
如果你飞到火星上去，你的骨头就会变虚弱。
The immune system, if you protect kids from bacteria if you keep them in a sterile environment, you're damaging the immune system.
免疫系统，如果你不让孩子接触细菌，让他们待在无菌环境中，你就是在破坏他们的免疫系统。
The immune system has to face challenges in order to learn.
免疫系统必须要面对挑战，才能学习进步。
Life's beauty is inseparable from its fragility.
生命的美丽与它的脆弱性密不可分。
You are healthy until you are not.
在你生病之前，你都是健康的。
You are with the people that you love until you are not.
在和爱的人分开之前，你都和他们在一起。
You have a job that you love until, for some reason, that job no longer works out.
在你因为某种原因，不爱你的工作之前，你都是爱它的。
It is really important that as human beings, we develop our capacity to deal with our thoughts and emotions in a way that isn't a struggle; in a way that embraces them and is with them and is able to learn from them.
作为人类，我们应该拥有不让思想和情绪斗争的能力，应该拥抱它们，接纳它们，并且从中学习，这很重要。
The old idea of happiness, that the Stoics sort of enjoyed, was that happiness was a sort of tranquility.
斯多葛学派认为，幸福是一种宁静。
So this is really all about a recipe for avoiding unnecessary disturbance and anxiety.
它其实指的就是避免不必要的干扰和焦虑。
So you don't try and control things that you can't.
不要试着去控制那些你无法控制的事情。
Now the only things you can control are your thoughts and your actions, and that is it. That's it.
你唯一能控制的就是你的思想和行动，仅此而已。就这。
And if you accept the idea that everything outside of your thoughts and actions are fine, they're fine as they are, and you let that idea really to drip into your soul, then you have a very good template for avoiding unnecessary disturbance and anxiety.
如果你接受你的思想和行动以外的事情都很好，它们都没问题，并且让这种思想深植内心，那你就能避免不必要的干扰和焦虑了。
The opposite of all of this thinking is the American obsession, forgive me, with positive thinking and optimism- that you can, by believing in yourself and setting your goals, crank the world up into line with with your aims.
与此相反的是美国人的那种执念，抱歉，即积极的思考和乐观主义——只要相信自己，设定目标，你就能让世界朝着你的目标前进。
And the reality is, we just can't.
事实是，我们根本做不到。
I do have concerns about the overarching societal messaging that we are hearing, which is that we should focus on being happier, that we should choose to be happy, and that we should think positive.
我确实担心我们所听到的整体社会信息，那就是我们应该专注于变得更快乐，我们应该选择快乐，我们应该积极思考。
Now, just to be clear, I am not anti-happiness, but what I am concerned about in the current discourse, is that I think what it is actually paradoxically doing is setting people up for greater levels of unhappiness.
先声明一下，我并不反对快乐，但我对如今这种言论担心的是，我认为它实际上是自相矛盾的，它让人们更不快乐。
Let me explain why: First, what we know is that when people focus time and time again on being happier, when they set it as a goal, when they value that idea of being happy, there's a body of research that shows that those individuals over time become less happy.
我来解释一下：首先，我们知道，当人们一次又一次聚焦在要更快乐，当人们把它当成一种目标，当人们重视快乐的时候，有很多研究表明，这些人最后会变得更不快乐。
Now, why is this? One of the things that I talk about in my book "Emotional Agility" is the idea that expectations are disappointments waiting to happen.
为什么会这样呢？我在我的《情绪灵活度》一书中提及的一点是期望是迟早会到来的失望。
When we overvalue the idea of being happy as a goal, we essentially set ourselves up to perceive every slight, every disappointment as a marker of, and proof of, the fact that we aren't achieving that goal effectively.
当我们过度重视快乐，并把它当成一种目标，我们其实就是在把任何一丝丝的失望当成没有高效实现这个目标的证据和标志。
So in a very strange way, valuing happiness is not ultimately the way to achieve happiness.
于是非常奇怪的是，重视快乐并不是最终实现快乐的方式。
