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A recent study published in the journal Cell Metabolism suggests eating fatty or sugary snacks alters our brain activity and creates lasting preferences for these less-healthy items.
最近发表在《细胞代谢》杂志上的一项研究表明，吃高脂肪或含糖的零食会改变我们的大脑活动，并让我们对这些不太健康的食物产生持久的偏好。
For the study, researchers at Yale University and the Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research in Germany
在这项研究中，耶鲁大学和德国马克斯·普朗克代谢研究所的研究人员，
gave one group of participants a high-fat, high-sugar yogurt twice daily for eight weeks, while another got a low-fat, low-sugar version.
让一组参与者每天喝两次高脂肪、高糖酸奶，持续八周，而另一组参与者则喝低脂肪、低糖酸奶。
Aside from that, both groups continued their normal eating habits.
除此之外，两组人都保持着正常的饮食习惯。
At the end, the groups rated puddings with varying fat concentrations and apple juices with a range of sugar levels, and also underwent MRI scans.
最后，两组人分别对不同脂肪浓度的布丁和不同含糖量的苹果汁进行了评价，也接受了核磁共振扫描。
The scans showed the treat increased brain activity in the group that had eaten the high-fat, high-sugar yogurt, but not in the other.
扫描结果显示，食用高脂肪、高糖酸奶的那组人的大脑活动有所增加，而另一组人则没有。
The researchers concluded fatty, sugary snacks activate the brain's dopamine system, which gives people a feeling of motivation or reward.
研究人员由此得出结论，即高脂肪、含糖的零食会激活大脑的多巴胺系统，给人一种收获动力或受到奖励的感觉。
"Let's say a new bakery opens up next to your work and you start stopping in and having a scone every morning. That alone can rewire your basic fundamental dopamine learning circuits,"
“假设你工作的地方旁边开了一家新面包店，你开始每天早上去买烤饼。仅仅这一点就可以重塑你的基本多巴胺学习回路。”
said Dana Small, the study's senior author and director of Yale University School of Medicine's Modern Diet and Physiology Research Center.
该研究的资深作者、耶鲁大学医学院现代饮食和生理研究中心主任达娜·斯莫尔如是说。
Small said diet has such a strong effect on brain activity that dopamine signals can fire even when someone anticipates eating fatty or sugary food, like when they pass a bakery or smell a pastry.
斯莫尔称，饮食对大脑活动有着强烈的影响，即使是有人预期到要吃高脂肪或含糖的食物，比如当他们经过面包店或闻到糕点的味道，多巴胺信号也会被激发。
"It just tells us how sensitive we are to the food environment, and how the food environment can actually change our behavior."
“这告诉我们，我们对食物环境很敏感，并且食物环境会改变我们的行为。”
