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This week, we received a question from Agnaldo, a teacher in Brazil. He asks,
这周，我们收到了巴西一名老师——阿纳尔多的一个问题。他问，
I've seen recently that we shouldn't call a teacher "Teacher."
我最近看到，我们不应该叫老师“Teacher”。
We should call him or her by their name. Is that true? Why? Is it the same for professors? -- Agnaldo, Brazil.
我们应该叫他或她的名字。这是真的吗？为什么？教授也一样吗？——阿纳尔多，巴西。
Dear Agnaldo, This is a great question.
亲爱的阿纳尔多，这是个好问题。
I have taught in many countries where the common practice is for students to call me Teacher.
我在许多国家教过书，在那些国家学生习惯叫我“Teacher”。
It always sounded a little strange to me.
对我来说那听起来总有点奇怪。
Most Americans do not use Teacher to address a teacher in English.
大多数美国人不用“Teacher”来称呼老师。
Sometimes Americans do use titles this way, however.
然而，有时美国人确实这样使用头衔。
For example, they might address a medical doctor as simply Doctor, a religious leader as Reverend or a judge, as Your Honor.
例如，他们可能简单称呼医师为“Doctor”，称呼宗教领袖为“Reverend”或称呼法官为“Your Honor”。
So, how should students address their teacher?
那么，学生应该如何称呼他们的老师呢？
Most American teachers of children are addressed using the honorifics Miss, Mizz, Missus or Mister, with their family or last name.
对大多数美国儿童老师的称呼是用尊称“Miss”，“Mizz”，“Missus”或者“Mister”加上老师的姓氏。
The last three are shortened in writing to Ms., Mrs. and Mr. The honorific Miss does not have a shortened version.
后三个尊称可以缩写为“Ms”，“Mrs.”和“Mr.”。“Miss”这个尊称没有缩写形式。
At the beginning of a school term, a teacher should tell students how to address her or him.
在学期开始时，老师应该告诉学生如何称呼自己。
Suppose the teacher's name is Elissa Brown. She most likely will tell her students to call her Ms. Brown.
假设老师的名字是艾丽莎·布朗。她很可能会告诉她的学生称呼她为布朗女士。
For men, Mr. is used.
用“先生”称呼男士。
The honorifics Miss and Mrs. identify if a woman is unmarried or married.
尊称“小姐”和“夫人”辨别出一名女性是未婚还是已婚。
These terms are less common in the modern world as they provide unnecessary, personal information.
这些称呼在现代社会不太常见，因为它们提供了不必要的个人信息。
There is no English honorific that communicates if a man is married or single.
英语中没有能传达出一名男性是已婚还是单身的尊称。
You also asked about professors. Generally, they also choose how they want to be addressed.
你还问怎么称呼教授。一般来说，他们也会选择自己想要的称呼。
It is not unusual for a professor to be addressed as Professor, however, especially in the learning setting.
然而，称呼教授为“Professor”并不罕见，尤其是在学习环境中。
Here is an example sentence: Professor, what is the difference between Mr. and Ms.?
下面是一个例句：教授，“Mr.”和“Ms.”有什么区别?
Most university professors in America hold doctoral degrees and many of them use the title of Doctor.
美国大多数大学教授都有博士学位，而且其中许多人还使用博士这个头衔。
The second part of your question was about why "Teacher" is not a good name to call your teacher.
你所问问题的第二部分是关于为什么“Teacher”不是对老师的一个好称呼。
In many cultures, using the word "Teacher" shows great respect.
在许多文化中，使用“Teacher”一词表明极大的尊敬。
But for many American teachers, including me, "Teacher" is an impersonal term.
但对包括我在内的许多美国老师来说，“Teacher”是一个非人称结构的词语。
The good news is teachers of English as a second language expect cultural differences between themselves and their students.
好消息是，以英语作为第二语言的老师希望自己和学生之间存在文化差异。
We understand our students are trying to show respect when they address us.
我们理解我们的学生在称呼我们时是想表达对我们的尊敬。
That's Ask a Teacher for this week.
以上就是本期名师答疑的全部内容。
I'm Jill Robbins.
我是吉尔·罗宾斯。
