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This picture shows the damage that is caused by
这张图显示的是
gluten to the micro-villi in someone who
乳糜泻患者
suffers from celiac disease.
由麦胶引起的小肠绒毛受损情况
As you can see the image on the left
左边的图显示的是
a healthy intestine has much greater surface area than
健康的小肠
the one on the right damaged by gluten consumption.
肠壁面积远远大于受损的小肠
One challenge of diagnosing celiac disease is that
诊断乳糜泻的一个难点是
there are no classic signs or symptoms.
这种疾病没有明显的预示和症状
For each person it may be different.
每个人的情况都可能不同
Most people with celiac disease have
大多数乳糜泻患者会出现腹胀
complaints of bloating, abdominal pain and diarrhea.
腹痛和腹泻
Some people develop anemia, joint pain
有些人则会出现贫血，关节痛
stomach pain, irritability or depression, dental
易怒或者抑郁
and/or bone disorders like osteoporosis
牙齿和/或者骨骼方面的疾病
foul smelling or oily stools, skin rash
如骨质疏松，恶臭或油性大便，皮疹
weight loss and stunted growth in kids.
体重下降，儿童则会出现发育迟缓
These symptoms can also imitate other conditions.
这些症状也可能预示着其他疾病
Further testing of these symptoms is needed
找到病根
to determine the root problem.
需要对这些症状进行进一步的检查
Dermatitis herpetiformis is a skin rash
疱疹性皮炎是一种疱状并且发痒的皮疹
that is itchy and blistery disease on the elbows
由麦胶蛋白过敏引起
knees and buttocks that is also caused
多发在肘部，膝盖
by gluten intolerance.
以及臀部
It is a sure sign of celiac disease.
这是乳糜泻的一种预兆
This photo shows dermatitis herpetiformis
张照片显示的是
on the elbow.
肘部的疱疹性皮炎
People with celiac disease can also have
乳糜泻也可能
silent celiac disease meaning
以一种隐蔽的方式产生
they have no outward symptoms of the disease.
这个意思就是患者不会出现外在症状
However consumption of gluten still causes
尽管如此，食用含有麦胶蛋白的食品
the same damage to the small intestine.
仍然会对小肠造成损害
These people must still follow a gluten free diet.
这样的人也应该进行无麦胶蛋白饮食
Shown here is a pie chart depicting
这张图表显示的
the prevalence of some common
是乳糜泻的
symptoms of celiac disease.
常见症状
As you see diarrhea in blue affects
你可以看到，蓝色标注的腹泻
about 15% of patients with celiac disease.
会影响15%的乳糜泻患者
Infants or children with celiac disease
患有乳糜泻的婴幼儿
will not develop properly and
无法正常发育
be classified as failure to thrive, which is in red.
会被归类为发育障碍，用红色标注
Other symptoms that affect celiac disease sufferers
影响乳糜泻患者的症状还包括
include anemia, emotional issues, stomach pain
贫血，情绪问题
distended abdomen, vomiting and constipation
胃痛，腹胀
and a variety of other symptoms.
呕吐，便秘等等
Lately there has been a fad of people interested
最近有一些人
in following a gluten-free diet.
对无麦胶蛋白饮食很感兴趣
As gluten-free foods keep coming up
无麦胶蛋白食品在市场上
on the market there are many people
出现得越来越多
who are choosing to eat gluten-free
有很多没有患乳糜泻的人
but who don't have celiac disease.
也开始热衷于这种食品
Gluten is only harmful to those
麦胶蛋白仅对被诊断
who are diagnosed with celiac disease.
患有乳糜泻的人才是有害的
For the rest gluten doesn't have a negative effect.
对其他的人来说，麦胶蛋白并没有负面影响
There are some people who don't have celiac disease
有一些没有患乳糜泻的人也表示
who report feeling better when consuming no gluten.
如果不吃含麦胶蛋白的食品他们感觉更好
Whether this is the placebo effect or
这到底是一种安慰剂效应还是
there is actually an intolerance is yet to be determined.
确实有过敏现象还有待进一步调查
No current research can back up these claims.
现在并没有相关研究来支持这一说法
By law wheat flour must be enriched
根据法律，小麦面粉必须添加
and fortified whereas other non-wheat flour products
营养物质进行强化
are not required to do so.
但是其他的非小麦面粉并不用这么做
There is no harm in eating gluten-free
无麦胶蛋白饮食并没有害处
however lack of certain nutrients found in
但是可能会出现缺乏一些营养物质的现象
fortified wheat products, including vitamin B1, B2, B3
这些营养物质存在于强化小麦面粉中
and iron maybe seen.
比如维他命B1 B2 B3以及铁
In this photo Chelsea Clinton's gluten-free
这张照片中的
wedding cake made the news this summer
切尔西，克林顿的无麦胶蛋白结婚蛋糕
publicizing the gluten-free trend.
引领了今夏无麦胶蛋白食品的风潮
