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And in particular sectors, we are seeing a really precipitous drop in the number of men.
在特定的行业，我们看到男性的数量确实在急剧下降。
We have a drop in the number of male teachers.
我们的男教师数量在下降。
We have a very sharp drop in the number of male psychologists; that's dropped from 39% male to 29% male in the last decade alone.
男性心理学家的数量急剧下降；仅在过去十年，这一比例就从39%下降到29%。
And among psychologists under the age of 30, only 5% are male.
而在30岁以下的心理学家中，只有5%是男性。
So we roll that forward, and we're going to see psychology becoming essentially almost an all-female profession.
按照这个趋势，我们会发现心理学基本上会变成一个几乎全是女性的职业。
So these jobs, which are both crucial, I think, for society, and where it'd be very useful to have more diversity, are actually becoming more gender-segregated, and so we have absolutely no effort to get more men into HEAL jobs, which is where I think the future lies, and where we should be helping men to move.
所以这些对社会很重要的工作，以及拥有更多的多样性会很有助益的工作，它们的性别隔离越来越严重，但我们并没有做出努力让更多男性参与到HEAL工作中，而我认为这些工作能决定我们的未来，我们也应该帮助男性在这一领域前行。
One of the problems that we face is what I call in the book a 'dad deficit.'
我们面临的问题之一就是我在书中所说的“父亲缺乏症”。
And that can be seen in various different ways: So one in four fathers don't live with their children.
这可以从不同的角度来看：有四分之一的父亲不和孩子生活在一起。
If parents split up, they're much more likely to lose contact with their fathers than with their mothers- and so one in three children, if their parents split up, don't see their father at all after a few years post the separation.
如果父母分开，孩子更可能与父亲断掉联系，而不是母亲--所以，如果父母分开，三分之一的孩子在分开几年后根本看不到父亲。
So this fatherlessness is something that's very, very specific.
这种父亲缺席的状态是非常、非常具体的。
And when 4 in 10 children are born outside marriage, and most children, to less educated parents are born outside marriage, then we have to reinvent what it means to be a father, because right now men are still being held to an old standard of what it meant to be a successful father in a world where that is neither possible for many of them, or even desirable, because what we've seen is, as women have grown in economic power and economic independence, then of course they're going to choose to be with a man rather than being forced to, as in the old days.
当每10个孩子中就有4个是非婚生的，而教育程度较低的父母的大多数孩子都是非婚生的，那么我们就必须重新定义作为父亲的意义，因为现在男性仍然被困在关于“成功的父亲”的陈旧标准中，但在如今的世界里，那个标准对很多人来说根本无法实现，甚至难以企及，因为随着女性经济实力和经济独立的增长，她们自然会‘选择’和男人在一起，而不是像过去那样‘被迫’和男人在一起。
This is probably the greatest liberation in human history, honestly, that women can now choose whether to be with a man or not.
老实说，这可能是人类历史上最伟大的解放，女性现在可以选择是否要和男人在一起。
More than 2 out of 5 households in the U.S. now, a woman is the main breadwinner.
现在，在美国，超过五分之二的家庭中，女性是养家糊口的主要支柱。
40% of American women earn more than the average man.
40%的美国女性比男性挣得更多。
These are huge economic changes, and all for the good, but it does pose some really sharp questions about what fathers are for.
这些都是巨大的经济变化，而且都是好的，但它确实对“父亲是干什么的”提出了非常尖锐的问题。
And until we escape the obsolete model of the breadwinner father, then we will continue to see more and more men being left out of family life.
在我们摆脱父亲是养家糊口的支柱这个过时模式之前，会继续看到越来越多的男性被排除在家庭生活之外。
And the kicker is that boys in families that don't have a father presence suffer much more than girls.
更重要的是，没有父亲陪伴的家庭中的男孩比女孩遭受的痛苦要大得多。
And so then what happens is that male disadvantage can become intergenerational because if the fathers are struggling, and therefore not really involved in their kids' lives, then the boys are the ones who suffer most, who will then go on to struggle themselves in education, and in the labor market.
然后，男性劣势可能会代际相传，因为如果父亲们过的很辛苦，就无力参与到儿子们的生活中，然后男孩就会成为痛苦最大的人，从而在教育和劳动力市场上处处碰壁。
It's clear by now that marriage and social institutions and a sense of purpose matter to men.
很明显，婚姻、社会制度和使命感对男人来说很重要。
And so as we've seen these real challenges faced by men in education, work, and the family, you're seeing some really difficult and troubling health consequences.
当我们看到男性在教育、工作和家庭中面临的这些真正的挑战时，你会看到一些非常困难和令人不安的健康后果。
And so, the so-called 'deaths of despair' from suicide, overdose, or alcohol, three times higher among men than among women.
因此，自杀、过量服药或酗酒导致的所谓“绝望死亡”，男性的死亡率是女性的三倍。
Suicide itself, three times higher among men than women, and rising very quickly, especially among middle-aged men and younger men.
单是自杀，男性的自杀率是女性的三倍，而且上升非常快，特别是在中年男性和年轻男性中。
So we can see these as symptoms, I think, of a broader malaise, which is what's troubling boys and men.
我们可以把这些看作更广泛的不适所产生的症状，这正在困扰着男孩和男人们。
And for men in particular, this sense of purpose is very important.
尤其是对男性来说，这种使命感非常重要。
I think it's a human universal that we need to be needed.
我觉得所有人都希望自己被需要，这是一条普适原则。
There's a wonderful piece of work by an academic called Fiona Chan, who looked at the last words that men had used to describe themselves before committing suicide, or attempting suicide.
有一位名叫菲奥娜·陈的学者写了一篇精彩的文章，他研究了男性在自杀或企图自杀之前用来描述自己的最后几个词。
And the top of the list were "worthless" and "useless."
排在榜首的是“一文不值”和“毫无用处”。
I think if we create a society in which so many men do feel like they're not needed, then it's no surprise that we see these deaths of despair.
我认为，如果我们创造了一个社会，在这个社会里，这么多男人确实觉得他们不被需要，那么我们看到这些人死于绝望也就不足为奇了。
We see problems with opioids- opioids are a much bigger problem for men than they are for women- and one of the great tragedies of opioid deaths is the death rates are higher in part because the users are on their own.
我们看到了阿片类药物的问题--男性的阿片类药物比女性大得多--阿片类药物死亡的最大悲剧之一是它的死亡率更高，部分原因是吸毒者孤身一人。
And so, in some ways, the opioid epidemic is a perfect illustration of a whole series of things we are talking about: which is a loss of role in the family, a loss of status in the labor market, turning to drugs, and being isolated and withdrawn.
因此，在某些方面，阿片类药物的盛行完美地阐明了我们讨论的问题：失去家庭中的角色，失去在劳动力市场中的地位，从而转向毒品，然后被孤立和抽离。
And so in that example, I think you can see a symptom of this broader, male malaise that we just need to take it more seriously.
因此，在这个例子中，你应该能看到这种更广泛的男性不适的症状，我们需要更认真地对待它。
And we have a cultural responsibility, as a society, men and women together, to help men and boys to adjust to this new world- because, right now, many of them are really struggling.
作为一个社会，男性和女性都有文化责任，帮助男人和男孩适应这个新世界--因为，现在，他们中的许多人都过得很痛苦。
