重点讲解：
1. throw out 扔掉，丢掉(废弃物)；
On the day I brought my little girl home from the hospital, I made my husband throw out all the remaining sweets.
就在我带着我女儿从医院回家的那一天^M=p*LyZV,HHZ。我要求我丈夫扔掉了家里所有剩余的糖果e5wA]TQMRp&G658Kr_dn。
2. break down （使）（物质）分解；
The oil is attacked by naturally occurring microbes which break it down.
原油受到了自然产生的分解油类物质的微生物的侵蚀1(QZJOn8ugmz。
3. pertain to 与…相关；属于；适用（于）；
The restrictions he imposed pertained to the type and height of buildings and the activities for which they could be used.
他限制的是建筑物的种类和高度以及它们的用途Wrmt++S~AY^HpczC。
4. build up （使）积聚；（使）逐渐增加；
Slowly a thick layer of fat builds up on the pan's surface.
慢慢地，平底锅表面积起了一层厚厚的油脂RConi*]G-mWgVp。