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Section C: In this section, you will hear five short news items. Each item will be read only once.
第三节：在本节中，你将听到五段短新闻。每段新闻只读一遍。
After each item, there will be a fifteen-second pause.
每段新闻后有15秒钟的停顿。
During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.
在停顿期间，阅读问题和A、B、C、D四个选项，并选出最佳答案。
Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
然后在答题纸上用一条线标出相应的字母，线划在字母的中间。
16.The amount of plastic waste flowing into the ocean could triple in 20 years unless businesses and governments act to reduce plastic production.
16.除非企业和政府采取行动减少塑料产量，否则流入海洋的塑料垃圾数量可能会在20年内增加两倍。
That warning comes from a new study that appeared recently in the publication Science.
这一警告来自最近发表在《科学》杂志上的一项新研究。
The study, called “Breaking the Plastic Wave”, identified measures that could reduce plastic pollution that gets into the ocean by 80 percent.
这项名为“打破塑料浪潮”的研究确定了可以将流入海洋的塑料污染减少80%的措施。
If no action is taken, however, the amount of plastic going into the sea every year will rise from 11 million metric tons to 29 million metric tons by 2040, the study said.
然而，该研究称，如果不采取行动，到2040年，每年流入海洋的塑料量将从1100万吨增加到2900万吨。
17.Recent studies show that some recovered patients who tested negative for coronavirus antibodies developed T cells in their immune systems.
17.最近的研究表明，一些新冠病毒抗体检测呈阴性的康复患者的免疫系统中产生了T细胞。
The reaction is believed to be the result of their COVID-19 infection.
这种反应被认为是他们感染新冠肺炎的结果。
The studies are small and have yet to be confirmed by outside experts.
这些研究规模较小，尚未得到外部专家的证实。
However, some scientists now say that people who show few signs of sickness from the new coronavirus, or show no signs at all, may be actually killing off the infection with their T cells.
然而，一些科学家现在表示，那些几乎没有因新冠病毒而表现出生病迹象的人或者根本没有表现出任何迹象的人实际上可能是在用他们的T细胞杀死病毒。
The findings add to the evidence that an effective COVID-19 vaccine will need to push T cells to work in addition to producing antibodies.
这些发现进一步证明，有效的新冠疫苗除了产生抗体外，还需要推动T细胞发挥作用。
18.The pandemic hasn’t yet peaked in the UK, but many shoppers have been stocking up on essentials such as toilet paper, hand wash and long-life foods.
18.疫情在英国还没有达到顶峰，但许多购物者都在囤积卫生纸、洗手液和保鲜期长的食品等必需品。
Some stores have imposed purchase limits on in-demand goods.
一些商店对热销商品实行限购。
Online delivery services have been running at full capacity.
网上快递服务已经在满负荷运行。
The message published in newspapers today and tomorrow is signed by many brands.
今天和明天在报纸上刊登的信息有许多品牌的签名。
It says they’re doing everything possible to ensure shelves are stocked, but points out that buying more than is needed can sometimes mean that others will be left without.
上面说，他们正在尽一切可能确保货架上有存货，但指出，购买超过需要的商品有时可能意味着其他人没买到东西。
It also seeks to reassure the public there is enough for everyone if we all work together.
它还试图向公众保证，如果我们共同努力，每个人都有足够的资源。
19.Many people assume that it’s temperature that influences the pain experienced by those who live with conditions such as arthritis.
19.许多人认为，是温度影响了那些患有关节炎等疾病的人所经历的疼痛。
But researchers found that rather than a cold snap, participants felt the greatest pain on days during which there was high humidity.
但研究人员发现，受试者在湿度较高的日子感受到的疼痛最大，而不是在有寒流的日子里。
Low air pressure and windy conditions were also linked to painful days.
低气压和多风的天气也与疼痛的日子有关。
Dry, still days were the least likely to be painful.
干燥、平静的日子是最不可能感到疼痛的。
The researchers say their findings could help to develop a pain forecast, which would allow people to plan activities for the least painful days.
研究人员表示，他们的发现可以帮助开发疼痛预测，这将使人们能够在疼痛最少的日子里计划活动。
It could also throw light on the mechanisms of pain and lead to the development of new treatments.
它还可以揭示疼痛的机制，并促进新疗法的开发。
20.From artificial lights to late-night TV and now our smartphones, modern life is often blamed for ruining our sleep.
20.从人造灯到深夜电视，再到现在的智能手机，现代生活经常被认为是破坏我们睡眠的原因。
But this study suggests our ancestors didn't get any more sleep than we do.
但这项研究表明，我们祖先的睡眠时间并不比我们多。
The researchers monitored traditional societies in Namibia, Tanzania and Bolivia, where people live like ancient hunter-gatherers once did.
研究人员监测了纳米比亚、坦桑尼亚和玻利维亚的传统社会，那里的人们就像古代的狩猎采集人一样生活。
They found they slept on average six and a half hours a night.
他们发现他们平均每晚睡六个半小时。
Surprisingly, natural light didn’t have as big an influence as was thought.
令人惊讶的是，自然光的影响并没有想象的那么大。
Most people fell asleep hours after sunset.
大多数人在日落后几个小时就睡着了。
