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Hi, my name is Rebecca from www.engvid.com. In today's lesson, you'll learn how to function effectively in a cross-cultural environment
大家好，我是Rebecca。今天我们将学习在跨文化环境中，比如北美、英国等，
- in North America, in Britain, and so on -, and what you should not do.
如何才能有效交际以及在这种环境下有哪些是你不应该做的。
This is actually one of two videos that I've recorded. The other one is on good manners, and this one is about bad manners.
事实上，关于商务礼仪我录了两期视频。另一期是礼貌礼仪，而这一期是不礼貌行为。
This one is about what you should not do when you're in North America or in England. Okay?
这一期是关于，当你在北美或在英国生活工作学习时，你不应该做什么。
So I've divided it between what you should not say and what you should not do. Let's have a look.
我将这一期分为了两个部分，一个你不应该说什么，另一个是你不应该做什么。下面我们一起来看看。
So, in terms of speaking: when you're speaking in a group or in a public place, try not to speak in a very loud voice.
就‘说’而言，当你在小组内或是在公共场合讲话时，声音尽量不要太大。
Don't speak too loudly, keep your volume relative to other people's volume. All right? Listen.
说话声不要太大，保持你的音量与他人的音量差不多。明白了么？
Now, again, everything that I'm going to say to you here, remember always take it with a pinch of salt.
我要强调一下，我在这里说到的每一点，你们都要有所保留地看待。
What does this expression mean? Understand that it's not 100% like that, but generally speaking it's like that. Okay?
这是什么意思呢？你们要明白，我所说的并不是100%这样，但是通常情况下都是如此，好么？
Next one: in a public situation such as a party, try to avoid controversial subjects.
下一个：在公共场合，如聚会，尽量避免争议性主题。
What does that mean? A controversial subject is something where people have strong views such as religion or politics.
争议性主题是什么呢？争议性主题就是那些会让人有强烈观点的主题，如宗教或政治。
We try to avoid these subjects, for example: at a social occasion, at a wedding, or a party
我们要尽量避免这些主题，例如：在社交场合、婚礼或是聚会上，
because if you get into a discussion with someone on these subjects it can become a little bit aggressive,
因为如果你在这些场合和对方讨论这些主题，会使人变得有些激进，
it can become a little bit angry, and perhaps that's not very kind to your host or hostess that are planning a pleasant kind of event.
会让认变得有些气愤，或许对举办或计划这场愉快活动的主办人不好。
So remember to keep that in mind. Of course, with your own friends or people you know well or people you see often,
所以将这点牢记在心。当然，和你自己的朋友或是非常了解的人、经常见面的人，
you do share your views on these subjects and that may be perfectly okay. All right?
你们当然可以就这些主题分享观点，这绝对是可以的。
Next: we also avoid speaking about money. I know that money is, of course, of great interest to everyone,
下一点：我们也会避免谈论钱。我知道每个人都对钱感兴趣，
but we usually do not ask people that we don't know well or acquaintances or people we've just met,
但是通常对我们不了解、不熟悉或刚见面的人，
we don't ask them questions like: 'How much do you make?', 'How much do you earn?', 'How much did you pay for your house or your car?' or something else.
我们不会问：‘你挣多少钱？’、‘你的房子或车多少钱、’之类的。
We don't ask that because it's not polite. Okay? Of course, again, with people you know well, you may share that information.
这样问不礼貌。当然，和熟悉的人，你们可以分享这些信息。
And if somebody decides to share that with you, that's fine, but you try to avoid asking it.
如果有人决定和你分享这些信息，当然可以，但是你应该避免问别人这些问题。
Next is not to ask personal questions. What do I mean by personal questions?
下一个，不要问私人问题。什么是私人问题呢？
You don't usually ask people how old they are or how much they weigh or something like that, or how many... if they're married or if they have kids.
通常不要问别人，你多大、你多重之类的，或者是你结婚没、你有孩子没。
Now, again, if you're a married person and you have children and you meet another married person and it's clear that he or she has children,
强调一下，如果你已婚并且有孩子了，当你遇上另一个已婚人士并确定他或她有孩子，
it's perfectly fine to talk about how old your children are because it's obvious that you all have children.
你们当然可以谈论孩子多大，因为显然你们都有孩子。
So I don't mean to never ask them, but if you meet just one person you don't want to start asking them:
所以我并不是说决不能问这些问题，只是如果你遇见某个人，你也不想开头就问：
'Oh, why don't you have children?' or something like that
‘你为什么没有孩子？’之类的问题吧
because that's giving advice very early when you barely know somebody and people don't like that kind of advice usually.
因为当你还几乎不了解对方时，不要过早下定论，人们通常也不喜欢这些问题。
Next is avoid talking about yourself because that can sometimes seem like you're boasting.
下一个，避免谈论你自己，因为这样会让对方觉得你再吹嘘自己。
Now, of course, that doesn't mean not to give information about yourself, but not to talk too much about yourself.
当然这不意味着绝不透露自己的任何信息，只是少谈论自己。
When you talk too much about yourself then people feel that you're... you just care about yourself.
当你过多的谈论自己时，别人会觉得你只关心自己。
Instead of that, show, tell a little bit about yourself, and then turn the conversation
少谈论自己，然后将对话、
and turn the focus and the attention onto the other person, ask them about themselves.
焦点和注意力转移到对方身上，问问他们的情况。
Okay, the next point is not to interrupt people. In many different cultures there're many different rules about this,
下一点是不要打断别人。在很多不同文化中，关于这一点有很多不同规则，
but in North America generally when one person is speaking we try to wait until they finish speaking
但是在北美，当别人在讲话时，我们尽量等别人先说完
and then we say what we want to say. Try not to interrupt while other people are speaking.
之后我们再开始将我们想表达的。尽量不要在别人讲话时打断他们。
Last point here is about speaking when your mouth is full. Don't do it. In other words: don't eat and talk at the same time.
最后一点，嘴里塞满东西的时候讲话。不要这样做。换句话说：不要边吃东西边讲话。
Eat - if you're at a dinner -, eat, finish eating, and then speak. Nobody likes to see all that food inside your mouth
如果你在晚餐时，吃完再讲话。没人喜欢看你嘴里的东西
and neither can we understand you very clearly when you have something in your mouth, so avoid that.
当你嘴里塞满东西时，我们也听不明白你在讲什么，所以避免这样做。
