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Section D: In this section, you will hear two short passages.
第四节：在本节中，你将听到两段短文。
The passages will be read only once.
每段短文只读一遍。
After each passage, there will be a one-minute pause.
每段短文后有1分钟的停顿。
During the pause, write the answers on the answer sheet.
在停顿期间，把答案写在答题纸上。
Dictation
听写
Listen to the passage.
听短文。
For questions 21—25, fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear.
用你听到的单词或短语完成第21~25题。
If you go to work, you’re probably familiar with the routine of travelling to the office, hunting for an available desk, completing your tasks and then enduring your commute home.
如果你去上班，你可能会对去办公室、找一张空桌、完成任务、再坚持走完回家的通勤路程很熟悉。
In many ways, it seems like an outdated working practice.
在很多方面，这似乎是一种过时的工作方式。
And maybe that’s why more and more of us are now choosing to work from home.
也许这就是为什么我们中越来越多的人现在选择在家工作。
In the UK, figures from the Office for National Statistics show more than one and a half million people work from home for their main job.
在英国，国家统计局的数据显示，超过150万人的主要工作是在家完成的。
But, although logging on from the comfort of your sofa may appeal, some people are forced to work from home and find it hard going.
但是，尽管在舒适的沙发上登录可能很有吸引力，但有些人被迫在家工作，觉得在家办公很难。
Marketing consultant Mark Black told the BBC he struggled to switch off from work when he was based solely at home.
营销顾问马克·布莱克告诉BBC，当他一个人呆在家里时，他很难不再担忧工作。
He says: "I hate home working. You get up in the morning and stare at the same four walls, do your work, and try and clock off, but you can’t.”
他说：“我讨厌在家工作。你早上起床，盯着同样的四面墙，做你的工作，试着打卡下班，但你做不到。”
And as Emma Mamo from mental health charity Mind says: “Home workers don’t always have the same opportunities to connect with people as their office-based colleagues.”
正如心理健康慈善机构Mind的艾玛·马莫所说：“在家工作的人并不总是像在办公室工作的同事那样有机会与人交流。”
But remote working doesn’t always mean being at home.
但远程工作并不总是意味着在家办公。
Cafes and workplace spaces offer a chance for workers, particularly self-employed people,to come together and interact with each other.
咖啡馆和工作场所为员工，尤其是自雇人士提供了一个聚在一起相互交流的机会。
There are also employees who have no choice but to work remotely because their companies have decided to do away with offices altogether to have a more agile workforce--it’s certainly very cost effective and attractive for start-ups.
还有一些员工别无选择，只能远程办公，因为他们的公司决定完全取消办公室，以拥有一支更灵活的员工队伍——这对初创企业来说当然非常划算，也很有吸引力。
But for those employed by businesses with a physical base, working at home provides a convenient alternative to the 9 to 5.
但对于那些受雇于有实体基础的企业的人来说，在家工作是朝九晚五的便捷选择。
And without the distraction of their colleagues, it can be the most productive place to work!
如果没有同事的干扰，这可能是最有效率的工作场所！
Summary
摘要
Listen to the passage.
听短文。
For questions 26—30, complete the notes using no more than three words for each blank.
完成26~30题的笔记，每个空格不超过3个单词。
There is probably no other country in the world with such a diverse and distinctive cuisine as India.
世界上可能没有其他国家像印度一样拥有如此多样化和独特的菜肴。
For Indians food is a gift from the gods and is treated with respect, and this respect extends to their attention to manners while eating.
对于印度人来说，食物是上帝赐予的礼物，他们要尊重食物，这种尊重也体现在他们吃饭时的礼仪上。
The ingredients of an Indian meal are based on six flavors—sweet, salty, bitter, acidic, sour, and pungent.
印度菜的配料以六种口味为基础：甜、咸、苦、酸、酸和辣。
Within these flavors, each region of India has developed its own cuisine using different combinations of spices.
在这些口味中，印度的每个地区都使用不同的香料组合开发了自己的菜肴。
Throughout India, the most popular dish is thali, a combination meal containing individual serving—consisting of rice and vegetables with meat, chicken, or fish.
在整个印度，最受欢迎的菜肴是塔哩，这是一种个人套餐——由米饭、蔬菜、肉、鸡肉或鱼组成。
Thalis, along with most other Indian main courses, are served with lentil soup, curd and bread.
与大多数其他印度主菜一样，塔哩会搭配扁豆汤、凝乳和面包一起供应。
Tandoori style dishes are also common throughout India.
唐杜里风格的菜肴在印度也很常见。
Along with this rich variety of food, India has developed some interesting table manners, which are in contrast to those of other nations.
除了丰富多样的食物，印度还形成了一些有趣的餐桌礼仪，这与其他国家的餐桌礼仪形成了鲜明对比。
Noticeable among these is that most Indians eat using their right hands, but never with their left hands, which are considered unclean.
其中值得注意的是，大多数印度人用右手吃饭，但从来不用左手，因为左手被认为是不干净的。
This is very different from most Westerners, who use knives, forks, and spoons to eat.
这与大多数西方人用刀、叉和勺子吃饭有很大不同。
Also, there is a more formal arrangement with regard to seating in India, with people sitting in a clockwise direction, starting with the eldest.
此外，在印度，座位安排更正式，人们按顺时针方向坐着，从最年长的开始。
The food in India is certainly unique and reflects the character and colors of Indian culture.
印度的食物肯定是独一无二的，反映了印度文化的特点和色彩。
This, along with its universally admired taste, has resulted in India’s food becoming its most popular export, with curry a dish that everybody knows.
这一点，再加上它广受赞誉的味道，使得印度食物成为其最受欢迎的出口产品，其中咖喱是众所周知的一道菜。
